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一、1.We have also previously reported that offspring of obese rat dams develop hepatic steatosis, mild hyperinsulinemia, and a lipogenic gene signature in the liver at postnatal day (PND)21. 目前已有研究发现肥胖母鼠的后代在出生后21d就有脂肪肝，轻度的高胰岛素血症，并能在在肝脏中检测到生脂基因。 2.Indirect calorimetry revealed decreases in energy expenditure (p 0.001) and increases in RER values (p , 0.001), which were further exacerbated by high fat diet (45% kcals from fat) consumption indicating an impaired ability to utilize fatty acids in offspring of obese dams 间接测热法检测结果显示，能量消耗值极显著降低（P0.001），RER（呼吸熵）极显著升高（P 0.001），并且饲喂高脂日粮（45％来自脂肪千卡）明显扩大这一趋势。这一结果可能是由肥胖母鼠后代的脂肪酸利用的能力受损所致。 3.Mitochondrial dysfunction may be an underlying event that reduces hepatic fatty acid oxidation and precedes the development of detrimental obesity associated co-morbidities such as insulin resistance and NAFLD. 线粒体功能障碍可能是导致肝脏脂肪酸的氧化功能降低，肥胖及胰岛素抵抗，非酒精性脂肪肝等肥胖并发症加剧的潜在因素。 二、Title:Effects of Physically Effective Fiber on Chewing Activity and Ruminal pH of Dairy Cows Fed Diets Based on Barley Silage 题目：物理有效纤维对以大麦青贮为日粮的奶牛反刍活动和瘤胃pH的影响 1.宾语从句： These results indicate that increasing the peNDF content of diets increases chewing time. 这些结果表明日粮中增加物理有效纤维可以提高反刍时间 It is estimated that salivary buffers account for about 30 to 40% of the neutralization of fermentation acids in the rumen . 据估计唾液缓冲液可以中和瘤胃中发酵产生的30-40%的酸 2.主语从句： Hence, it is usually assumed that increasing chewing time through manipulating dietary particle size improves ruminal pH status and thus potentially reduces the risk of ruminal acidosis 因此，通常认为通过控制日粮中饲料颗粒大小来增加反刍时间可以提高瘤胃pH水平从而降低发生瘤胃酸中毒的风险 A number of systems that predict the amount of chewing of various feeds or the effectiveness of feeds to maintain milk fat content have been proposed for use in dairy ration formulation. 很多可以预测不同种类饲料反刍数量（反刍时间和次数）或者饲料获取乳脂率的效率的体系已经被提议用于奶牛日粮配置 三、1.In particular, this study provides strong evidence that Prl iscapable of acting at the level of the hypothalamus in the possum to regulate its own secretion throug