第十讲：句子翻译中的语序问题2.docVIP

Translation skill ---- Restructuring within the sentence 句内语序的调整 Einstein confessed, “To make a goal of comfort or happiness has never appealed to me.” 爱因斯坦承认：“把舒服和快乐最为人生目标，从来没有吸引过我。” 爱因斯坦承认：“我素来不喜欢把舒服和快乐当作人生目标。” 理论探讨：英文原文中主语是不定式，宾语是人称代词me, 这是物称表达方式（impersonal）。而汉语则相反，更习惯人称表达方式。这是英汉两种思维模式造成的。英语思维注重客观性，客体常作主语，而汉语更注重思维的主体，因此叙述客观事物时，多从自我出发。语言是思维的外壳。英汉互译中常要做这种物称和人称的转换或调整。 The little chap’s good-natured honest face won his way for him. 译文：这小伙子长相老实，看上去脾气也好，到处有人缘。 From the moment we stepped into People’s Republic of China (Wuhan Institute of Technology) , care and kindness surrounded us on every side. 译文：一踏进武汉工程大学，我们就随时随地受到关怀和照顾。 I. Different word order in English and Chinese In the practice of English Chinese translation, we often have to adjust or rearrange the word order on account of the different syntax of these two languages. For instance, in English attributive phrases and clauses usually follow the words being modified (antecedents), whereas in Chinese such phrases and clauses always precedes the words being modified. Most of the information we have got is through that channel. The sequence of events is also different. His address is 3612 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA. 19104, USA. ( Pennsylvania) 他的地址是美国宾夕法尼亚州费城市场街3612号，邮编19104。 The sequence of the adverbials of time and place is different. Adverbial of manners My uncle passed away in hospital at 2:30 a.m. on September 12, 2003. Possessive pronouns and personal pronouns can precede the person in English. Chinese is different. The fear that their port would lose its importance also worried the people of Baltimore. Young as he is, the little boy has learned a lot. 2. Restructuring in English-Chinese translation 1) the order of clauses in English and Chinese English sentences are generally bound by syntactical rules, and they are often arranged in order of importance; while Chinese sentences are more flexible, and usually arranged according to the sequence of time. 1. We had been dismayed at home while reading