虚拟语气(表格整理).docVIP

虚拟语气（Subjunctive Mood） if（条件状语从句） 从句谓语（if） 主句谓语形式 例句 与现在事实相反 did/were would/could/should/might+do If I were you,I should study English. 与过去事实相反 had done would/could/should/might+have done If you had taken my advice,you wouldn’t have failed in the exam. 与将来事实相反 ①did ②should do ③were to do would/could/should/might+do If it were to rain tomorrow, the meeting would be put off. 主、从句时间不一致，动词形式要根据它所表示的时间来调整。 eg.：If I had worked hard at school,I would be an engineer,too. “were,had,should + 主语”放句首（否定词not不能放前面）。 eg.:①Were I in school again，I would work harder. ②Had you been here earlier,you would have seen him. ③Should there be a meeting tomorrow,I would come. 注意：Were it not for the expense,I would go to Italy.(√） Weren’t it for the expense,I would go to Italy.(×） 常用词：①介词：with,without,but for(要不是，如果没有）；②连词：or,but；③副词：otherwise. eg.:①Without air, there would be no living things. ②But for your help,I couldn’t have finished it in advance. ③I was ill that day.Otherwise,I would had taken part in the sports meeting.=If I hadn’t been ill that day,I would had... wish（宾语从句）/if only(要是……就好了） 从句谓语形式 例句 ①I wish it were spring all the year round. ②If only I were a bird! 与过去事实相反 had done ①Jack drove fast and was in an accident. He said, “I wish I had driven more carefully!”. ②If only I had taken his advice. would/could/might do I wish you could go with us tomorrow. would rather + 从句（表示宁愿某人在现在或将来要做某事或过去做过某事） 从句谓语形式 例句 与现在或将来事实相反 did/were I would rather you came tomorrow. 与过去事实相反 had done I’d rather you hadn’t been present. as if/as though,even if/though + 从句 从句谓语形式 例句 与现在事实相反 did/were He looked as if he were an artist. He talked about the Great Wall as if he had been there before. would/could/might do He opened his mouth as if he would say something. 注意：1.在as if/as though 句中，如果有可能成为事实，用陈述语气。 eg.:He looks as if he is going to be ill. 2.as though或as if引导的状语从句，从句主语和主句主语相同时，从句中可省略主语和部分谓语。 eg.:The girl left the room hurri