词法：语言的词汇 Morphology：the words of language.pptVIP

Cliticization: one word is attached to the other for phonological reasons. I’m leaving. Jean t’aime. (French) Jean likes you. th’ angel (old English) the angel Conversion/ Zero Derivation implant, import, record, present, contest Clipping: a polysyllabic word is shortened by deleting one or more syllables lab, doc, demo, flu, Tom, Liz, zoo Blends: words are created from nonmorphemic parts of two words. smog: smoke fog spam: spiced ham telethon: telephone marathon bit: binary digit Acronyms: taking initial letters of words or phases as a word Onomatopoeia Coinage boycott, watt, google Morphological analysis to ask native speakers how they say various words- to collect data to look for recurring forms To classify the morphemes To expose the relation among morphemes To formulate morphological rules Morphology: the words of language Words in Mental lexicon 1. phonological representation, 2. meaning, 3. (for the literate) orthography, 4. grammatical category mental lexicon VS. dictionary composed by lexicographer : descriptive and prescriptive Classification of words Content words, open class words Nouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs To denote concepts such as objects, actions, attributes and ideas Function words, closed class words do not have clear lexical meanings or obvious concepts associated with them, Conjunctions, prepositions, articles, pronouns The evidences of word classification Syndromes of aphasia and SLI Slip of tongue First language acquisition inner-structure of word The linguistic term for the most elemental unit of grammatical form is morpheme the internal structure of words and the rules by which words are formed= morphology. Morphology is part of our grammatical knowledge of a language. It is generally unconscious knowledge Word– the smallest free form found in language boy boys -s A morpheme—the minimal linguistic unit—is thus an arbitrary union