FERMENTATION AND BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING HANDBOOK英文电子书.pdf

1 Fermentation Pilot Plant Yujiro Harada, Kuniaki Sakata, Seiji Sato and Shinsaku Takayama PROLOGUE (by YujiroHarada) The rapid development of biotechnology has impacted diverse sectors of the economy over the last several years. The industries most affected are the agricultural, fine chemical, food processing, marine, and pharmaceuti- cal. In order for current biotechnology research to continue revolutionizing industries, new processes must be developed to transform current research into viable market products. Specifically, attention must be directed toward the industrial processes of cultivation of cells, tissues, and microorganisms. Although several such processes already exist (e.g., r-DNA and cell fusion), more are needed and it is not even obvious which of the existing processes is best. To develop the most cost efficient process, scale-up data must be collected by repeating experiments at the bench and pilot scale level. These datamust be extensive. Unfortunately, the collectionis farmore difficult than it would be in the chemical and petrochemical industries. The nature of working with living material makes contamination cobonplace and repro- ducibility of data difficult to achieve. Such problems quickly distort the relevant scale-up factors. In this chapter, three research scientists from Kyowa Kogyo Co. Ltd. have addressed the problems of experimentation and pilot scale-up for I 2 Fermentation and Biochemical Engineering Handbook microorganisms, mammalian cells, plant cells, and tissue. It is our sincere hope that the reader will find this chapter helpful in determining the best conditions for cultivation and the collection of scale-up data. Hopehlly, this knowledge will, in turn, facilitate the transformation of worthwhle research programs into commercially viable processes. 1.0 MICROBIAL FERMENTATION