脑血管疾病CerebrovascularDisease(CVD).pptVIP

脑血管疾病Cerebrovascular Disease(CVD) Department of Neurology 2nd hospital of Harbin Medical University Section 1 Introduction Definition CVD: The term of CVD designates any abnormality of the brain resulting from various pathological process of the blood vessels. 脑血管病是各种脑血管病变引起脑部疾病的总称。 Definition Stroke: The stroke is a syndrome characterized by the acute onset of a neurologic deficit that reflects focal/diffused involvement of the CNS and is the result of a disturbance of the cerebral circulation. 脑卒中是指急性起病 、迅速出现局限性或弥漫性脑功能缺失征象的脑血管性事件。 Epidemiology: CVD is the third most common cause of death after heart disease and cancer. Incidence: 100~300/100,000 morbidity: 100~740/100,000 mortality: 50~100/100,000 About 50%~70% of survivors shows disability in different degree. Classification of CVD According to the lasting time of neurologic deficit: TIA (24h) stroke (24h). According to the severity of neurologic deficit: minor stroke major stroke silent stroke According to the pathological features: ischemic stroke hemorrhagic stroke (see table 8-1) 脑部的血液供应-Blood supply in brain 颈内动脉系统 - internal carotid artery (ICA) S. 眼动脉-ophthalmic artery 后交通动脉-post communicating artery 脉络膜前动脉-anterior choroidal artery 大脑前动脉-anterior cerebral artery (ACA) 大脑中动脉-middle cerebral artery (MCA) 供应眼部及大脑半球前3/5部分即额叶、颞叶、顶叶及基地节的血液 见图the circle of Willis环 见图脑基底部动脉 椎-基底动脉系统-vertebral-basilar artery S. 椎动脉(VA): Which is divided into anterior spinal artery (脊髓前动脉) posterior spinal artery (脊髓后动脉) medullary artery (延髓动脉) posterior inferior cerebellar artery (小脑后下动脉) 基底动脉(BA): Which has branches of anterior inferior cerebellar artery（小脑前下动脉） branches of pons（脑桥支） internal auditory artery（内听动脉） superior cerebellar artery （小脑上动脉） 大脑后动脉 (posterior cerebral artery, PCA) , which is the terminal division of BA 椎基底动脉系统供应脑干,小脑及大脑 半球后2/5部分即枕叶及颞叶的基底面，枕叶的内侧及丘脑等。 Etiolog