ICU患者压疮发生危险因素分析.PDFVIP

特别策划 Special Planning 压疮规范化管理 ICU患者压疮发生危险因素分析 张慧 绳宇 周瑛 孟彦苓 鲁梅珊 郭海凌 [ 摘 要 ] 目的：探讨导致 ICU患者压疮发生的危险因素。方法：采用自行设计的“ICU患者压疮风险因素调查表”记录 735 例ICU患者的患病情况、主要治疗情况等资料。结果：性别、糖尿病、脑卒中、入 ICU时间、是否持续进行动脉血压监测、 水肿、平均动脉压、乳酸 Lac、心率、ApacheII评分是 ICU患者发生压疮的影响因素。结论：ICU患者压疮发生是多因素共同 参与的病理生理过程，护理人员应充分认识各种危险因素对ICU患者发生压疮的影响，对存在或可能存在危险因素的ICU患 者实施重点防护以减少压疮的发生。 [ 关键词 ] ICU；压疮；危险因素 [中图分类号] R47 [DOI] 10.3969/j.issn.1672-1756.2014.07.006 Risk factors of pressure ulcers in intensive care unit patients / ZHANG Hui, SHENG Yu, ZHOU Ying, et al. // School of Nursing, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100144 China /// Chinese Nursing Management-2014,14(7): 690-693 [Abstract] Objective: To explore the risk factors of the pressure ulcers in intensive care unit patients, in order to supply evidence for pressure ulcer care. Methods: Self-designed questionnaire was used and 735 patients in ICU were investigated about the general conditions , lab-test, treatments and vital signs. Results: The results showed that gender, diabetes, stroke, length of staying in ICU, arterial monitoring, edema, arterial pressure, blood lactate, heart rates and Apache II scores were risk factors of pressure ulcers in ICU patients. Conclusion: The occurrence of pressure ulcers of ICU patients are caused by many risk factors. It is recommended to combine the above risk factors to the routine clinical pressure ulcers assessment so that it will be more effective to identify the presence of the risk population for the occurrence of pressure ulcers of ICU patients. [Key words] Intensive Care Unit; pressure ulcers; risk factors 压疮是指身体局部由于长期受压， 1 对象与方法 导致组织持续缺血、缺氧、营养缺乏， 1.1 对象 使皮肤失去正常功能，最终引起组织破 于2012年9月至2013 年8月，采用 损和坏死的一种病变 [1] ，是多因素共同 便利抽样的方法分别选取北京某三级综 参与的病理生理过程。全球范围来看， 合医院和某二级医院 ICU符合纳入标准 压疮的发生率较以往相比并没有明显下