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Front.Philos.China2015,10(1):113—129
D0I10.3868/s030.004.015-00072
LeahKalmanson,SarahM attice
TheDeofLevinas:CultivatingtheHeart-Mindof
RadicalPassivity
Abstract Thisessay exploresthe earlyChinese textGuanzito addressthe
questionofethica1responsibilityintheWOrkofEmmanuelLevinas.Webegin
withthepremisethatbeingresponsivetotheother,feelingtheimpossibilityof
renouncingethicalobligation,andexperiencingthebasicmoralasymmetryatthe
heartofLevinas’Sproectallrelyonthewelcomeopennessofthesubjectthat
Levinasdescribesasthesubject’S“radica1passivity.”Howeve~hisemphasison
infiniteresponsibility,coupledwith thethemeofradicalpassiviyt,givesthe
problematicimpressionthatethicsamountstoanever-endingto—dolistforthe
other,andcertainlythisisnotwhatLevinasmeans.WeturntotheGuanzi.which
recomm endsmattheethicallye伍cacioussage—princemustcultivateastateof
passivestillnessandinnervacuity.Onlybecausethesage—princemaintainsthis
deferentialheart.mind ishefreely open andresponsive toothers.Herethe
sage—princelooksstrikinglylikeagoodLevinasian:Heisdeferential,sensitiveto
context.andhyper-awareofthelimitsofhisownknowledge.The anzigoes
on todescribespecificpracticesthesage—princecan employtocultivatehis
ethicalprowess,includingpracticesofmeditationandgentlephysicalexercises.
TakingthisinsightintoLevinas’Scontext.wesuggestthatsuchpracticesof
self-regulation arenecessary toenableeffectiveresponsivenesstotheother.
From thisperspective.responsibiliyt iS “infinite”notbecauseIam perpeutally
beholden to theother’swhims.butbecauseIam pepreutally accountableofr
calmingandclearingmyownmindoftheunstableemotions,selfishdesires,and
intellectualmachinationsthatpreventthewelcomeopennessofradicalpassivity.
Keywords Daoism,ethics,Guanzi,Levinas,meditation
ReceivedAugust27,2013
LeahKalmansonf圜 )
DrakeUniversity,DesMoines,Iowa50311,USA
E—mail:1eah.kalmanson@drake.edu
SarahMattice( 1
UniversityofNorthFlorida,Jacksonville,Florida32224,USA
E.mail:s.mattice@un~edu
ll4
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