轮机英语课件lesson 24.ppt

Lesson 24 Switchboard (配电板) The control and distribution of the electrical energy generated by generators are effected by power distribution equipment, i.e. switchboards. Switchboards are either: (a) Main switchboards(主配电板), to which the main generators are connected, (b) Emergency switchboards(应急配电板), to which the emergency generator or emergency battery is connected, (c) Section boards (or Sub-boards(区域配电板))or (d) Distribution boards(分配电板或箱). In small equipment, particularly in small cargo ships, most of the motors can be fed directly from the main switchboard, but as the size and multiplicity(多样性) of services increase, it becomes necessary to reduce the number of outgoing(引出的) circuits on the main board. This is done by grouping some services on one or more section boards (sometimes referred to as sub-boards), supplied by a feeder(馈线、馈电板) from the main board. Still further splitting up(分解) particularly in the case of lighting and heating, is usually necessary and and this takes the form of distribution boards of small capacity which may be fed either direct from the main board or from a section board. Switchboard are divided into two classes: i.e. those for a.c. systems and those for d.c. systems. Switchboards may be of the open type in which all the essential switch gears(开关设备、交换机) are exposed on the front of the panel(仪表盘, 控制面板), or of the deadfront type(正面无接线式、不带电式、安全式) in which all the live(带电的) parts are installed behind the panels and only the operating handles and instruments are on the front. The switchboards for a.c. systems differ from the d. c. switch gear in that the open type panels are generally not permissible. Deadfront boards can be either of two patterns, one having manually-operated switches and circuit-breakers(断路器) with the handles on the front of panels and all the live(带电的) parts at the rear; and the other having electrically operated circuit-breakers operated by push-buttons on the front of the panels. Usually the panels are in