英美文学3-Shakespeare.ppt

The Renaissance (14th –mid 17th century) This is the greatest and most advanced revolution in the human history. This is the age the giants are needed and produced. ------F. Engles About Renaissance : It originated in Italy in the 14-th century when the art, literature and ideas of ancient Greece and Rome were discovered and widely studied and came to a flowery in the 15-th century and later spread to France, Germany, Spain, Holland and Belgium and England in the 16-th century. What’s the reason of the slow reach of Renaissance in England? 1. Location: insular from the main continent 2.domestic turmoil, unrest: War of Roses Renaissance originally indicated a rebirth/revival of classical (Greek and Roman) arts and sciences after the dark ages of medieval obscurantism. The Essence of Renaissance: Humanism (人文主义) Man is the center of everything else in universe; Explore the new areas, question everything in existence; enjoy life Humanism was the keynote of the renaissance, reflecting the new outlook of the rising bourgeois class. The humanists advocated the emancipation of man, and they tried to have the new evaluation of man and his powers and fought for equality and justice, opposed feudal tyranny and obscurantism and religious obstinacy. The main genre: drama Major historic events in England during the renaissance:p.58 a.The War of Roses (1455-1488) and the establishment of the dynasties of Henry VII and VIII—the centralized monarchy. b.The Enclosure movement “ sheep devoured Men” c.The religious reformation, establishment of the Anglican Church d. Flourishing in the Elizabethan Age (1558-1603) e.defeating the Spanish Invincible fleet” Armada” in 1588 and the establishment of the hegemony on the seas. f. The geographical exploration and trade expansion brought about the growth of the cities and the development of the capitalist textile industry. 1. William Shakespeare (1564--1616) (Group work) Life a