如何避免英语写作中用词单一的问题.pdfVIP

大学英语 如何避免英语写作中用词单一的问题 西安外国语学院 张谡过 美国学者卢卡斯（Lucas ）教授在谈到实 达同一个概念“胖”： 用写作的基本原则时，用了4个英语单词来概 I was a chubby kid who grew into an 括：honesty, clarity, brevity, and variety 。 overweight adult. I was constantly teased for honesty 指作者要诚实，作品要可信。clarity being heavier than the other kids, leaving me 要求文章写得清楚明白。brevity 就是文章要 feeling shy and self-conscious. I tried several 简洁精炼。 variety强调用词造句要多样化， diets , but none worked, and I ended up 文章才能生动。4个原则中除了honesty一项 gaining weight. Another factor contributing 是针对内容提出的，其他3个原则都是针对语 to my weight gain was my love for cooking, 言的要求。 especially rich, high-fat desserts , which I 中国学生写英语作文，往往会反复多次使 enjoyed preparing and, of course, eating. 用同一词语，这样的文章读起来缺乏生气， 二、使用相应的代词 单调乏味。事实上，意思的重复，并不意味 为了避免名词重复，除了使用同义词和近 着用词的重复。比如以下一段： 义词外，还可以使用与名词相对应的代词。 Sherman and Dorothy enjoyed their 请比较以下两段文字： dinner very much. The soup was delicious, 1. Baby frogs are constantly changing and the tomato juice was fresh. The chicken creatures called tadpoles (蝌蚪). Tadpoles was wonderf ul and the rice was tasty. The have round heads that are usually the same f ish was fantastic, and the potatoes were size as their bodies. Tadpoles have long tails excellent. The apple pie was magnif icent, to help in swimming. Tadpoles are always and the strawberries were out of this world. changing their size and shape. First, the 用词多样化不仅能给文章增加色彩和可读 tadpole ’s head begins to take shape. Then, 性，同时也可反映学生的词汇量和语言掌握 the tadpole begins to grow limbs, and the 的程度。在英语写作中应该力求用词多样化, tadpole’s tail gets shorter. By the time the 避免因同一词的反复使用而使文章显得呆板、 tadpole is a full-grown frog, the tadpole’s tail 单调、没有生气。具体做法如下： has disappeared. 一、同义近义的词和短语的交替使用 2. Baby frogs are cons