美国焊接符号表示方法 weld symbols.pdfVIP

DECIPHERING WELD SYMBOLS When welds are specified on engineering and fabrication drawings, a cryptic set of symbols issued as a sort of shorthand for describing the type of weld, its size, and other processing and finishing information. The purpose of this page is to introduce you to the common symbols and their meaning. The complete set of symbols is given in a standard published by the American National Standards Institute and the American Welding Society: ANSI/AWS A2.4, Symbols for Welding and Nondestructive Testing. The structure of the welding symbol The horizontal line--called the reference line--is the anchor to which all the other welding symbols are tied. The instructions for making the weld are strung along the reference line. An arrow connects the reference line to the joint that is to be welded. In the example above, the arrow is shown growing out of the right end of the reference line and heading down and to the right, but many other combinations are allowed. Quite often, there are two sides to the joint to which the arrow points, and therefore two potential places for a weld. For example, when two steel plates are joined together into a T shape, welding may be done on either side of the stem of the T. The weld symbol distinguishes between the two sides of a joint by using the arrow and the spaces above and below the reference line. The side of the joint to which the arrow points is known (rather prosaically) as the arrow side, and its weld is made according to the instructions given below the reference line. The other side of the joint is known (even more prosaically) as the other side, and its weld is made according to the instructions given above the reference line. The below=arrow and above=other rules apply regardless of the arrows direction. The flag growing out of the junction of the reference line and the arrow is present if the weld is to be made in the field during erection of the structure. A weld symbol without a fla