CT成像原理 CT basic theory.ppt

Slice Profile (SP) Effective slice thickness of an image Slice Profile Resolution Factors influencing Slice Profile Collimation Pitch Interpolation algorithm (360° or 180°) Factors influencing SSP Collimator width collimation = SSP Spiral CT Table speed or Pitch Interpolation Algorithm = mathematical process required to reconstruct axial images from the spiral volume data set Pitch Slice Profile Slim vs Wide – SSP Comparison Slice Profile Slim %Broaden Wide %Braden Pitch One 5.0 mm 0 6.3 mm 26 Pitch Two 6.5 mm 30 10.8 mm 116 WIDE 720 degree More photons SLIM 464 degree Less photons SSP Spatial resolution SSP Spatial resolution Smoother image Noisier image Slim - Advantages Improved Z – Resolution Reduced partial volume artifacts Slim + extended Pitch Longer coverage Same coverage with shorter scan time or thinner slices Less radiation dose Wide - Advantages Noise Reduction Smoother image Useful for scanning huge patient Only for scanning at Pitch One Slice Profile Comparison Lesion smaller than 1cm SCAN RANGE = 150mm 10/10/10 (15s) 5/10/5 (15s) Slice Profile = 10mm Slice Profile = 6.5mm Optimizing the Scanning Parameters Smallest Possible Effective Slice Thickness Scan Length (mm) Scan Duration (s) Table Speed (mm/s) Smallest Collimation (mm) Scan Duration Depends on the scan length patient’s breath-hold compliance Table Speed Pitch Factor 1 Pitch 2 ? to cover the whole volume in one breath-hold Computed Tomography CT Basics Principle of Spiral CT Scan Parameter Image Quality Optimizing Injection Protocols Clinical Applications Peripheral vein eg. antecubital vein 19-20 gauge needle or IV catheter Volume Flow Rate Concentration Injection Protocols 300 mg I/ml non-ionic contrast 2 - 5 ml/s ? cardiac output 80 - 150 ml ? patients’ weight region of interest Site Scan Delay Delay between injection initiation the start of the scan sequ