统一的测量相对性原理.DOC

关于普适相对论的评述 汤克云 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 中国科学国家天文台 kytang@bao.ac.cn 摘要 作为一种彻底的相对论理论，普适相对论认为：不但时空与运动一体，物理源与观测者也是一体。所有的物理量只有在观测者的测量下才有物理意义； Schwarzschild度规和牛顿引力公式都是抛开观测者，在牛顿惯性系下单独研究引力场，对太阳引力场的描述只是在惯性系下的近似，近似的结果是：对太阳引力场是一个静态场，如此近似丢失了或掩盖了同引力传播因子有关的信息，不能研究引力传播；只有推迟引力理论包含了引力源与观测者相对运动状态和引力传播因子的完整信息，可以据之求出引力场的传播速度。从推迟引力公式出发，根据固体潮观测数据获得的“引力以光速传播的证据”是可信的。进一步，给出了推迟引力公式和与电磁场的统一公式，并证明了牛顿三定律皆可能推广至任意参考系。 关键词：太阳引力场，引力场速度，推迟引力，普适相对论, 任意参考系 A statement on the universal relativity In a complete theory of relativity--universal relativity, the spacetime and relative motion is an organic whole not only, but also the physical source and observer is an organic whole. All physical quantities only under the measurement of the observer have physical meaning; Schwarzschild metric and Newtons gravitational formula are put aside observer, study gravitational field of the Sun independently, their description on the gravitational field of the Sun is just an approximation under the inertial system, the approximate result is: the gravitational field of the Sun is a static field, so the approximate lost or cover up the travelling information of the gravity. Both theories cannot be used to study the gravitational travelling; Only the retarded gravitational theory contains the complete information of relative motion between the gravitational source and the observer, and the travelling factor, you can study the travelling of the gravitational field according to the retarded gravitational formula . The evidence of gravity at the speed of light based on observation of the earth tide is credible. Further, the unity of the electromagnetic field formula and retarded gravitational formula is given; and we have proved that three Newtons laws of mechanics may all be extended to arbitrary reference frame. Key words: gravitational field of the Sun, speed of gravity, retarded gravitation, universal relativity, arbitrary reference frame 一、关于固体潮与引力传播速度 科学通报英文版和中文版发表了《Observational Evidence for the speed of gravity based on t