缸内直喷汽油机微粒排放特性的试验研究-汽车安全与节能学报.PDF

ISSN 1674-8484 汽车安全与节能学报, 2014 年, 第5 卷 第3 期 14/ 14 CN 11-5904/U J Automotive Safety and Energy, 2014, Vol. 5 No. 3 304 —310 缸内直喷汽油机微粒排放特性的试验研究 帅石金 ，郑  荣，王银辉，付海超，徐宏明 （清华大学 汽车安全与节能国家重点实验室，北京100084 ） 摘  要： 试验研究了缸内直喷（GDI）汽油机的负荷、过量空气系数、点火时刻等参数对于三效催化器 （TWC）后的颗粒（PM）排放特性的影响。试验在在2台GDI汽油机上进行，用气相质谱- 色谱（GC-MS） 联用方法，分析了TWC后微粒中可溶有机成分 (SOF)。结果表明：随着负荷增加，微粒质量和数量排 放增加，在满负荷工况下，微粒排放大幅增加；TWC后的SOF和核态微粒数量明显降低；随着过量空 气系数的增加和点火时刻的推迟，微粒排放呈减少趋势；核态粒径峰值为10~20 nm，积聚态粒径峰 值为50~70 nm。负荷、过量空气系数和点火提前角等参数和TWC对微粒粒径范围的影响小。 关键词： 汽油机；缸内直喷（GDI）；微粒质量；微粒数量；粒径分布；试验 中图分类号： TK 46 文献标识码： A DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8484.2014.03.014 Experimental study on the characteristics of particulate emissions from GDI engines SHUAI Shijin, ZHENG Rong, WANG Yinhui, FU Haichao, XU Hongming, (State Key Laboratory of Automotive Safety and Energy, Department of Automotive Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beij ing 100084, China) Abstract: Particulate emission experiments were conducted on two gasoline direct injection (GDI) engines to study the influence of engine load, excess air ratio, and ignition advanced angel on the emission characteristics such as particulate mass (PM), particulate number (PN), and size distribution after three way catalyst (TWC). The component of soluble organic fractions (SOF) was analyzed using gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer (GC- MS). The results show that the PM and PN increase with the engine load, and the magnitudes of the increase are significant at high load. The PM and PN both decrease with the increase of excess air ratio and the delay of ignitio