语法复习 直接引语与间接与间接引语[名校教育精品].docVIP

Direct Speech VS Indirect Speech一、引述别人的话有两种方式：一是使用引号引出人家的原话，这叫做直接引语；一是用自己的话把人家的话转述出来，这叫做间接引语。例如：John said, Im going to London with my father.约翰说：我要和父亲到伦敦去。（引号内是直接引语）John said that he was going to London with his father.约翰说，他要和他父亲去伦敦。（宾语从句是间接引语）二、由直接引语变为间接引语，分以下情况：1. 人称变换：一随主、二随宾、第三人称不更新。①They said, “We will go there by bus.” →They said they would go there by bus.②She said to me, “Are you interested in science?” →She asked me if I was interested in science.③His mother said to me, “He cant go to school.” →His mother told me that he couldnt go toschool.2. 句式变换：??直接引语是陈述句时间接引语为that引导的宾语从句（口语中that可以省略），主句的引述动词主要有say ,tell, repeat, explain,think等。He said , You are younger than I.-He said (that ) I was younger than him.??直接引语是疑问句时间接引语为陈述语序：主句的谓语动词say 改为ask,或改为wonder, do not know, want to know, be not sure,be puzzled等。（1） 一般疑问句或反意疑问句变为if (whether)引导的宾语从句。She said, Do you often come here to read newspapers?→She asked me if (或whether)I often went there to read newspapers.She asked me , You have seen the film, havent you?→She asked me whether(或if )I had seen the film.（2） 选择疑问句变为whether….or 宾语从句。I asked him, Will you stay at home or go to a film tonight?→I asked him whether he would stay at home or go to a film that night.(3)特殊疑问句变为由原来的疑问词引导的宾语从句。He asked , Where do you live?→He asked me where I lived.??直接引语是祈使句时间接引语为不定式，作ask , tell, beg, order, warn, advise等动词的宾语补足语（dont 变为not ）.The teacher said to the boy, Open the window.→The teacher told the boy to open the window.His father said to him , Dont leave the door open.→His father told him not to leave the dooropen.[注意]（1） 有些表示建议、提议、劝告或要求的祈使句，可以用suggest ,insist等动词 加以转述。例如：特殊情况：Lets suggest doing/ suggest thatHe said: Lets go to the movies. He suggested going to movies./ He suggested that they should goto the movies.He said, Lets go to the theatre.→He suggested (our )going to the theatre.或He suggested that we(should) go to the theatre.(2)提供建议：Why not...// Would you...//