小RNA_MicroRNA_研究方法精选.pdfVIP

ISSN 2006 10 CN 113870Q Chinese Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biolo y 22( 10) : 772~ 779 综述 RNA( MicroRNA) * 王 芳, 余 佳, 张俊武 ( 中国医学科学院基础医学研究所 中国协和医科大学基础医学院生物化学与分子生物学系, 北京 100005) 小RNA ( microRNA) 是一类新发现的 度约为21~ 25 个核苷酸的RNA, 它在转录后水平调 节靶基因表达. 已有研究表明, 小RNA 在发育细胞增殖凋亡脂类代谢激素分泌及肿瘤发生等 多种生理和病理过程中发挥重要作用. 针对小RNA 的研究方法主要包括两大类: 一是以传统实验 技术方法为基础建立起来的小RNA 特有的技术方法, 二是已成熟应用的生物信息学技术. 前者侧 重于小RNA 表达的检测和功能机制的阐明, 后者则包括新小RNA 基因及小RNA 靶基因的预测. 两 者相辅相成, 互为补充, 为深入地研究这类分子的功能和分子机制提供了大量功能线索及确凿的实 验证据. 小RNA; 基因表达调控; 小RNA 特有技术; 生物信息学技术 Q522 Advances in Study Methods on MicroRNAs * WANG Fan , YU Jia, ZHANG JunWu ( National Laboratory of Molecule Bi ology , I nstitute of Basic Medi cal Sciences , Chi nese A cademy of Medi cal Sciences , School of Basic Medi cine , Peking Union Medical College , Beij ing 100005, China) Abstract MicroRNAs( miRNAs) are newly discovered 21~ 25 nt small RNAs that re ulate ene expression at posttranscriptional level. miRNAs have been proved to be involved in various physical and patholo ical precesses, such as development, cell proliferation, apoptosis, fat metabolism, hormone secretion and tumor development. The study methods on miRNAs include two main cate ories: miRNAspecific technolo y based on classical experiment techniques and broadly applied bioinformatics. The former is involved in miRNA detection and function analysis, and the latter focus on miRNA ene prediction and miRNA tar ets prediction. These two complementary parts could provide not only the functional clues, but also the soli