2014年“TI”杯全国电赛--无线传能作品.docVIP

2014年天津市TI杯电子设计竞赛 电源类 设计报告 摘要 本系统以磁耦合谐振原理为核心，设计了此无线电能传输装置。本装置采用自激震荡方式触发同时利用MSP430对输出能量实时监测。测试结果表明：，本设计出色完成了题目要求，在小功率无线传输方向有很好的应用前景。系统特色：1）采用自激震荡方式触发MOSFET，实现高频逆变。2）3）监测 关键词：磁耦合谐振电路、高频逆变 目录 1.系统方案论证······················································3 1.1发送模块的论证与选择············································3 1.2接收模块的的 2.系统理论分析与计算················································8 2.1 无线传电系统的工作原理分析········································8 2.2 无线传电系统的参数计算···········································9 3.电路与程序设计····················································9 3.1系统主体电路图··················································9 3.2电流电压检测图·················································10 3.3辅助电源设计···················································11 4.测试结果及分析···················································12 4.1测试方案·······················································12 4.2 测试条件与仪器·················································12 4.3 测试结果·······················································12 4.4结果分析与总结·················································14 附录：源程序························································14 【组】系统方案 本系统主要由模块、模块、组成 图1 系统方框图 目前的磁耦合谐振电路拓扑结构主要有：能量注入型谐振式拓扑、自激振荡式谐振拓扑、E类谐振式拓扑等。本方案对这三种谐振拓扑结构进行分析，找出最适合本方案发送端要求的谐振拓扑结构；并对无线接收端的高频交流电整流和滤波电路分析和选型。 1.1发送模块的论证与选择 谐振“磁耦合”形式将电能进行传输。基于电磁共振耦合原理，利用非辐射磁场实现电力高效传输。 方案一： 图2 能量注入型谐振式拓扑图 方案二： E类DC/AC超高频谐振式变换器, 单管工作, 不存在死区时间的限制, 开关频率可达到2MHz 以上。选取适当的负载谐振网络参数，即使开关转换时间与工作周期相比较已相当长, 也能避免在开关期间内同时产生大的电压或电流, 这就避免了在开关转换期间的器件功耗。MOSFET采用图腾柱推挽驱动, 干路最大电流达1.5A。但起振条件要求太高，不易达到理想起振条件。 图3 E类谐振式拓扑结构图 方案三： 图4 自激振荡式拓扑结构 1.2接收模块的论证与选择 1.2.1 整流方案选择 高频整流电路是将输入的高频交流电转换成直流电,要求该电路具有稳定性高、效率高、损耗小等特点。整流电路有多种形式,如半波式整流、桥式整流和倍压整流。下面将对其分别作简要介绍和分析,选出适合于谐振耦合系统的整流电路。 方案： 倍压整流电路就是利用滤波电容的储能特性，通过电路中的多个电容和二极管使输出电压几倍于接收端线圈获得的电压。根据其理论原理可以设计出多倍压整流电路，但是该整流电路适用于负载电阻较大的场合，本方案设计的磁耦合谐振电能无线传输系统只是属于小型系统，负载电阻值较小，使用倍压整流电路对其整流效果反而会较差，无法满足负载上电压性能的需求，故不采用。 图5 倍压整流电路 方案： 桥式整流电路实现了全波整流，将接收端电压的负半周也加以利用，所以其输出直流电压的平均值相比于半波整流大很多。桥式整流电路更适合于谐振耦合式电能无线传输系统