动词的ing和ed形式讲解与练习总结.docxVIP

用作定语时，动词的-ing形式既包括动名词又包括现在分词, 动词的-ed形式仅是动词过去分词。动词的-ing形式做定语在句中通常有两个位置,如果是单个的动词的-ing形式做定语,常放在被修饰词前做前置定语;如果是动词的-ing形式的短语做定语,常放在被修饰词后做后置定语。如:1.He is an attacking player.他是一个攻击型的运动员。(表示运动员的特征)2.He asked an embarrassing question.他提了一个令人难堪的问题。(表示“令人….”)3.A little child learning to walk often falls.学走路的小孩常常跌跤。(表示被修饰词的动作或状态，动词短语后置)4.Do you know the number of people coming to the party?你知道来参加晚会的人数吗?(表示被修饰词的动作或状态，动词短语后置)?注意:当-ing形式做后置定语时,可以相当于相应的定语从句。如:1.A young man writing novels came to speak to us yesterday.→A young man who writes novels came to speak to us yesterday.一位写小说的青年昨天来向我们作报告。2.The girl sitting next to me was my cousin.→The girl who was sitting next to me was my cousin.坐在我旁边的姑娘是我表妹。另外需要注意的是上面做定语的动词-ing形式表示的动作是正在进行的工作或习惯性的动作，如果和主句谓语的动作不能同时发生时，则不能用-ing形式做定语而必须用定语从句形式。如：昨天来我们学校的那位教授在明天给我们做报告。3.The professor who came to our school yesterday will give us a lecture tomorrow.?不正确的表述：The professor coming to our school yesterday will give us a lecture tomorrow.总结：-ing形式做定语通常从以下三方面考查,即:1)说明被修饰词的性质,特征或用途。如:1.They set up an operating table in a small temple.他们将手术台架设在一座小庙里。2.He may be in the reading room, for all I know.他说不定在阅览室里。3.Ladies and gentlemen, please go and wait in the meeting room.女士们先生们,请去会议室等待。?2)与被修饰词为主动关系且表示正在进行的动作或习惯性的动作。如:1.There were about 200 children studying in the art school.有大约二百个孩子在这所艺术学校学习。2.Who is the woman talking to our English teacher?正在和我们英语老师谈话的那位妇女是谁??3)有些-ing形式已经转化成形容词,常做定语用来修饰物,表示“令人……”。常用的此类词有:exciting,amusing,amazing,astonishing,shocking,puzzling,confusing,disappointing,discouraging,pleasing,striking,boring,tiring,touching,moving,interesting, satisfying, terrifying, frightening等。如:1.That must have been a terrifying experience.那准时一段可怕的经历。2.The experiment was an amazing success.那项试验是一个惊人的成功。3.There is a page missing from this book.这本书缺了一页。4)有些-ing形式已经转化成名词,常做定语用来修饰物The scanning electron micrographs 这些电镜扫描照片除了-ing形式能做定语外,如果-ing形式与被修饰词是被动关系,就用它的被动式,即being done. being doing通常表示正在被做,常做后置定语。如:1.The tall building being built now is our new school.正在