孔子简介（中英文）.ppt

孔子简介 * 孔子简介 * 孔子简介Introduction to Confucius * 孔子简介 * 尼山全景 panoramic view of Nishan ■孔子（前５５１－－前４７９）春秋末期思想家、政治家、教育家，儒学学派的创始人。名丘，字仲尼。鲁国陬邑（今山东曲阜东南）人。先世系宋国贵族。五世祖木金父避难奔鲁，后定避鲁国陬邑。父叔梁纥为鲁国武士，以勇力闻于诸侯。 Confucius (551-479BC), an ideologist, politician and educator in the late Spring and Autumn Period, founder of Confucianism. His real name is Kong Qiu, and he was born in State Lu, today’s Shandong Province. ??Confucius is considered the greatest of the ancient Chinese sages. * 孔子简介 * 俎豆礼容 learn the etiquette 　　六岁 公元前546年 (周灵王二十 六年鲁襄公二十七年)孔子在母亲颜征 在的教育下，自幼好礼，为儿嬉戏， 常陈俎豆，设礼容，演习礼仪。 Confucius lost his father at the age of 3. Educated by his mother Yan Zhengzai, Confucius was good-mannered when he was only a small child. He learned the etiquette although he lived in poverty. * 孔子简介 * 孔子父母合葬墓 a joint tomb for Confucius’ parents 　　十七岁 公元前535年(周景王十 年鲁昭公七年)孔母颜征在卒，与孔父合葬。 Confucius’ mother died when he was 17, and was buried together with his father. * 孔子简介 * 学琴师襄 learn from Shixiang 二十九岁 公元前523年(周景王 二十二年 鲁昭公十九年)孔子学琴 于师襄子。他长时间练习一支曲 子，直到理解了乐曲的内涵，进而 领悟到作者是周文王，师襄很佩 服，告诉他乐曲名叫《文王操》。 Confucius learned music from Shixiang. He played the same tune again and again until he felt that he understood it thoroughly. He thus realized that the author of the tune was Emperor Wen of Zhou Dynasty. Shixiang admired him greately and told him that the name of the tune was “Wen Wang Cao”. * 孔子简介 * 杏坛讲学图 Confucius as a teacher 三十岁 公元前522年(周景王二 十三年 鲁昭公二十年)开始创办平民 教育，收徒讲学，他讲授的内容包括礼、乐，射，御，书，数。据传孔子有三千弟子，其中有七十二贤人。 He established the first private school in China and accepted the students from everywhere. Knowledge he taught included: Manners, Music, Literature, Riding, Archery and Mathematics. It is said that he has 3,000 students. Among them, 72 became famous scholars. * 孔子简介 * 孔子登临处（今山东泰山） Mount Tai, where Confucius ever climbed 泰山问政Chi Kang Tzu asked Confucius about government. Confucius answered,To govern (cheng) is to corr