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complications CRITICAL CARE Lisa ….pdfVIP

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complications CRITICAL CARE Lisa …

c o m p l i c a t i o n s C R I T I C A L C A R E Lisa L. Powell, DVM, Diplomate ACVECC, University of Minnesota Canine Heatstroke Heatstroke is defined as a state of extreme hyperthermia (106º–109º F) resulting in thermal injury to tissues, which occurs when heat generation exceeds the body’s ability to dissipate heat. eat dissipation occurs through 4 mecha- nisms: radiation, convection, conduc- Htion, and evaporation. Heat loss through radiation and convection occurs by cutaneous vasodilatation and increased cardiac output. Conductive heat loss occurs through contact with cool surfaces. Evaporation occurs through sweating in humans, horses, and cows, and by panting in dogs. When the ambient temperature is below 89.5º F, heat loss may occur through conduction, radia- tion, and convection. As the ambient tempera- ture increases and approaches body temperature, evaporative heat loss becomes much more important. In addition, evaporative heat loss becomes less efficient with increased ambient humidity. Pathophysiology Severe ecchymosis on the ventral abdomen of a dog with disseminated intravascular coagulation secondary Inability to dissipate heat may result from to heatstroke caused by a grooming dryer endogenous or exogenous sources. Endogenous factors that contribute to a decrease in the abili- ty to dissipate heat include obesity, brachy- sipation include water deprivation, confinement fasciculations. In addition, malignant hyperther- cephalic conformation, laryngeal paralysis/ in a poorly ventilated area, lack of acclimatiza- mia due to abnormal calcium metabolism may upper airway obstruction, cardiovascular or tion, and high humidity. occur in predisposed breeds expos

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