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Eur J Forest Res (2015) 134:969–979 DOI 10.1007/s10342-015-0902-2 ORIGINAL PAPER Effects of soil bulk density on sessile oak Quercus petraea Liebl. seedlings 1 2 3 4 Mariusz Kormanek • Tomasz Gła˛b • Jacek Banach • Grzegorz Szewczyk Received: 25 February 2015 / Revised: 12 July 2015 / Accepted: 20 July 2015 / Published online: 29 July 2015 The Author(s) 2015. This article is published with open access at S Abstract This article presents the results of laboratory reduction was noted, the size of which determines the proper examinations concerning the effects of soil bulk density on development of the tree and ensures its stability. Besides a the growth of sessile oak Quercus petraea Liebl. seedlings. decrease in the root system, an increase in soil compaction The soil for the study was collected from a nursery plot and also resulted in a reduction in the number of roots of a then compacted into PCV pots in eight different bulk density specified diameter. The first to be affected were the smallest levels ranging from 0.81 to 1.32 g cm-3. Oak seedlings roots, i.e., those with diameters up to 0.2 mm, which are were cultivated in controlled conditions for 76 days after responsible for the uptake of mineral components. It was sowing. The growth and mass parameters of particular confirmed that even a slight increase in soil compaction seedlings together with the parameters of the assimilation might negatively result in the growth of young seedlings, apparatus and roots were measured, taking into account the impeding root system development. share of various diameter roots in the root system. For the purpose of the experim