最新托福考试经典阅读练习及详细解析：Desert Formation精选.pdf

智 课 网 托 福 备 考 资 料 最新托福考试经典阅读练习及详细解析：Desert Formation 从今天起，小编给大家整理了一些新托福考试经典阅读练习题。要 知道阅读一直就是英语考试中的重中之重，所以一定要勤加练习。今天 给大家分享一篇名为“DESERT FORMATION”的文章。 题目：DESERT FORMATION The deserts, which already occupy approximately a fourth of the Earths land surface,have in recent decades been increasing at an alarming pace. The expansion of desertlike conditions into areas where they did not previously exist is called desertification. It has been estimated that an additional one-fourth of the Earths land surface is threatened by this process. Desertification is accomplished primarily through the loss of stabilizing natural vegetation and the subsequent accelerated erosion of the soil by wind and water. In some cases the loose soil is blown completely away, leaving a stony surface. In other cases, the finer particles may be removed, while the sand-sized particles are accumulated to form mobile hills or ridges of sand. Even in the areas that retain a soil cover, the reduction of vegetation typically results in the loss of the soils ability to absorb substantial quantities of water. The impact of raindrops on the loose soil tends to transfer fine clay particles into the tiniest soil spaces, sealing them and producing a surface that allows very little water penetration. Water absorption is greatly reduced; consequently runoff is increased, resulting in accelerated erosion rates. The gradual drying of the soil caused by its diminished ability to absorb water results in the further loss of vegetation, so that a cycle of progressive surface deterioration is established. In some regions, the increase in desert areas is occurring largely as the result of a trend toward drier climatic conditions. Continued gradual global warming has produced an increase in aridity for some areas over the past few thousand years. The process may be accelerated in subsequent decades if global warming resultin