汽车倒车防撞告警器的设计.docVIP

汽车倒车防撞告警器的设计 摘 要 Reversing alarm anticollision design Abstract With the rapid economic development of china and continuous improvement of living standards in recent years, residents have more and more cars. So Roads and parking lots become more and more crowded. the total number of driving、turning、 reversing is growing, while car drivers′vision is very limited, collision and trailer accidents often occur, even more unsafe at night. drivers hopes to have a car alarm system, which can measure the distance between the rear and the obstacle (or the distance among the vehicles) while driving; and the distance can be displayed in the dashboard in order to improve driving safety, the various alarm signals was given out with the different alarm scope . With SCM technology used widely in various fields, the application device made by the SCM becomes more flexible and stable. While in the past, the application of ultrasound technology in the measurement is formed by specific ultrasound integrated circuit, the inflexibility in the circuit fixed application often happened before. With the continuous development of SCM technology, SCM technology and ultrasonic technology continues to combine, ultrasound technology have much broader prospects. Keywords: warning、ultrasonic、sensors、location 目 录 1绪 论 1 1.1课题的背景及目的 1 1.2国内外研究状况 1 1.3课题研究方法 1 2 课题的方案设计与论证 3 2.1 系统总体设计 3 2.2 设计方案的论证 4 3 系统的硬件结构设计 6 3.1 单片机的选择 6 3.1.1时钟电路 7 3.1.2复位RST 9脚 8 3.2 发射电路的设计 9 3.3 接收电路的设计 11 3.4 显示报警模块的设计 13 4 系统软件的设计 17 4.1 超声波汽车防撞电路的算法设计 17 4.2 主程序流程图 18 4.3 超声波发生子程序和超声波接收中断程序 20 总 结 22 致 谢 23 参考文献 24 附录 25 1绪 论 1.1课题的背景及目的 随着汽车工业的快速发展，拥有私家轿车的人越来越多，将会出现的交通问题也会随之越来越多。其中安全倒车是刚拿驾照或车龄不久的开车人士最为担心的问题之一，只要稍不留神不仅会给自己或别人带来损失，造成不必要的争吵。针对上述问题，我们设计了一个倒车防撞报警器，能以声音或者更为直观的显示告知驾驶员周围障碍物的情况，解除了驾驶员泊车和起动车辆时前后左右探视所引起的困扰，并帮助驾驶员扫除了视野死角和视线模糊的缺陷高速公路上的汽车川流不息。而且由于汽车工业的快速发展，汽车排放公害日益严重，能源危机以及汽车行驶安全等问题日益突出，为解决汽车的污染、节能、安全问题,汽车上广泛采用了电子控制技术。利用超声波传感器探测本车与前面车以及后面车的距离，如果在安全距离范围内，系统将自动报警，提醒驾驶员注意安全。这样就可以使汽车在一个安全的车距下，紧奏地行驶。如此既保证了行车安全，又提