管理经济学18.ppt

Managing Innovation and Change Learning Objectives Explain how paradigm shifts occur and describe their consequences. A. Identify the major sources of organizational inertia. Outline what is required to change the strategy and organization of an established enterprise. Explain why many organizational change efforts fail and identify what managers can do to avoid failure. Discuss what managers can do to increase the ability of their organization to produce commercially successful innovations. Paradigm Shifts Occurs when a new technology or business model comes along that dramatically alters the nature of demand and competition Disruptive technology – A new technology that gets its start away from the mainstream of a market and then, as its functionality improves, invades the main market Punctuated equilibrium – A view of industry evolution asserting that long periods of equilibrium are punctured by periods of rapid change when industry structure is revolutionized by innovation Technology S-Curves Established and Successor Technologies Swarm of Successor Technologies Five Steps to a Creative Company Technology and information become commoditized and globalized With commoditization, core advantages can be shipped abroad Design strategy begins to replace Six Sigma as a key organizing principle Creative innovation becomes the key drive of growth The successful Creative Corporation emerges, with new Innovation DNA Top 5 Innovative Companies in the World Company Apple 3M Microsoft GE Sony New Business Model The way in which an enterprise intends to make money Can rapidly alter the competitive playing field/create a paradigm shift Can be created due to technological innovation, or the absence of technology all together Drivers of Change in Business Schools Doctoral faculty shortage 52% Emergence of new competition 47% Shifts in funding sources 46% Rapid changes in the economy 38% Changes in how business organizations function 33% Punctuated Eq