液相法制备石墨烯.docVIP

液相法制备石墨烯 摘 要 近年来, 石墨烯以其独特的结构和优异的性能, 在化学、物理和材料学界引起了广泛的研究兴趣。石墨烯是一种二维单元子层厚度的晶体，其碳原子呈蜂窝状晶格排布，并在单原子层厚度上集合了优异的电学、机械、光学与热学性质。目前人们已经在石墨烯的制备方面取得了积极的进展, 为石墨烯的基础研究和应用开发提供了原料保障。现有的石墨烯的制备方法有微机械剥离法、化学气相沉积法、液相或气相直接剥离法、晶体外延生长法﹑氧化-还原法等，但大规模高质量制备技术仍然是制约其进入实际应用的瓶颈之一。 本文采用液相直接剥离石墨来制备石墨烯，按照正交试验设计方案，通过多次实验，改变石墨与溶剂的配比、超声时间、超声功率等，使得石墨剥离充分，通过适当时间的高速离心得到分散较好的石墨烯分散液。再选用不同的溶剂同样对石墨进行剥离得到石墨烯分散液。实验结果表明使用二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)作为溶剂剥离石墨,当浓度配比在0.14mg/ml，超声时间在9小时时效果最好，丁达尔效应表明分散液分散效果良好, 紫外光谱(UV)结果分析得出DMF剥离石墨没有引入其他官能团，利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)得出微观图，得到低于五层的石墨烯。 与其他石墨烯制备方法相比，本论文所采用的液相直接剥离法制备石墨烯具有仪器设备简单、原材料便宜易得、液相体系便于材料加工成型等优点。直接利用数控超声机对放有石墨的溶剂进行超声剥离，不涉及化学变化从而得到的样品质量高。 关键词：石墨烯，液相剥离，正交试验设计 Graphene by Liquid Phase-based Exfoliation ABSTRACT Graphene has attracted much interest in recent years due to its unique and outstanding properties. Graphene is a two-dimensional crystal with atomic thickness, whose atoms are arranged in a honey comb lattic. Different routes to prepare graphene have been developed and achieved. Preparation methods of graphene used in recent years are intensively introduced, including micromechanical cleavage, chemical vapor deposition, liquid/gas phase-based exfoliation of graphite, epitaxial growth on an insulator, chemical reduction of exfoliated graphene oxide, etc. But large high quality preparation technology is still restrict the bottleneck of entered actual application. In this paper, liquid phase-based exfoliation of graphite method was used to fabricate graphene. By controlling the graphite and solvent ratio, the ultrasonic time, ultrasonic power according to orthogonal test design. Make graphite stripping fully, and at the same time through proper time of high-speed centrifugal get spread good graphene dispersed, and then choose different solvents of graphite and on the same stripped of graphene to dispersed. The experimental shown that when using DMF as solvent stripping graphite, it brought the best results when the ultrasonic time is nine hours and the concentration ratio is 0.14mg/ml. Th