苏州古城空间格局的自然适应性及生态智慧探索.pdfVIP

ISSUE 6 DEC. 2017 / JOURNAL OF HUMAN SETTLEMENTS IN WEST CHINA / 058 DOI: 10.13791/j.cnki.hsfwest 闫水玉, 董玲巧. 苏州古城空间格局的自然适应性及生态智慧探索[J]. 西部人居环境学刊, 2017, 32(06): 58-63. 苏州古城空间格局的自然适应性及生态智慧探索 The Study on Nature Adaptability and Ecological Wisdom of Suzhou Ancient City’s Spatial Form 闫水玉 董玲巧 YAN Shuiyu, DONG Lingqiao 摘 要 应用适应性理论，从城市选址、 Abstract: The paper systematically analyzes the natural adaptability of ancient Suzhou city in 空间格局及形态、肌理脉络和防洪治河技 topography, drainage system and clime from four aspects including city sitting, spatial form, 术四个方面，系统地分析了古代苏州在地 structural skeleton, and flood control technology. The results show that the ancient Suzhou City 形、水系及气候方面的自然适应性，结果表 lied in the higher place of the water network, the city utilized water system as the structure of the 明：古代苏州选址依托自然，选择城址于水 city, and formed a double chessboard pattern. Then hydrological features are reflected and the 网地区的地势稍高处，体现了“兼顾安全与 wall was designed like a glyph of the Chinese word “亚”. The layout of gate was also adapted to 发 展”的城市选址思想。空间格局和形态 the hydrological environment thinking. While the city layout adapted to the dense water network 方面，以水系为脉络，组织城市空间，形成 was combined to improve the urban microclimate, reflecting the biological adaptation. The nature 双棋盘格局；顺应水文特征，将城墙设计 adaptation of the ancient city is still very significant for the sustainable planning and design of 成“亚”字形，这些都体现了规划设计中通 the cities. 过“因势利导、趋利避害”而适应水文环境 Keywords: Natural Adaptability; Ecological Wisdom; Spatial Form; Suzhou Ancient City 的思想。通过城市方位布局以适应季风，引 导城市通风，并结合密布的水网，有效改 善城市微气候，体现了古老的城市生物气候 适应法则，运用“顺天应人”的防洪治河技 ① 术，“得水之利，而避水之害” 。这些自然 适应性表现出城市与自然亲近、共存、共荣 的思想观念和规划设计生态智慧，对目前 的城市可持续规划设计有很大的启迪。 关键词 自然适应性；生态智慧；空间格局； 苏州古城 0  引  言