翻译复习第1、2章.docxVIP

严复的“信、达、雅”三字诀(Triple Principle of Translation)信(faithfulness)：忠实准确达(expressiveness)：通顺流畅雅(elegance)：文字古雅林语堂先生的“忠实(faithfulness)，通顺(smoothness)，美(beautifulness)说”；傅雷先生的“神似”（resemblance in spirit/spiritual conformity ）；朱生豪先生的“传神达意说；钱钟书先生的“化境”（reaching the acme of perfection/ sublimed adaptation ）Alexander Fraser Tytler：Three Principles of TranslationThe translation should give a complete transcript of the ideas of the original work(译作应该完全传达原作的思想)；The style and manner of writing in the translation should be of the same character with that of the original (译作的风格与笔调应当与原作保持一致)；The translation should have all the ease of the original composition(译作应当和原作一样流畅)．Translation StrategiesLiteral translationFree translationForeignizationDomesticationLiteral Translationcrocodile tears ( 鳄鱼的眼泪); be armed to the teeth (武装到牙齿); chain reaction (连锁反应); gentlemen’s agreement ( 君子协定)“三教九流”( the three religions and the nine schools of thought); “四书五经”(the Four Books and the Five Classics);“纸老虎”(paper tiger) ;“一国两制”(one country，two systems) Free TranslationAdam’s apple At sixes and sevens It rains cats and dogs． Don’t cross the bridge till you get to it. Do you see any green in my eye? There’s no pot so ugly it can’t find a lid．Little fish does not eat big fish．What the tongue says，the neck pays for. A gift is the key to open the door closed against you． I love tiger cat, ... British movies on public television, fluffy blouses, the nuclear family, ... ( Helen Snow, My China Years )Foreignizing Translation(异化译法受到译入语文化价值观的民族偏离主义压力，注意到外语文本的语言和文化差异，把读者带入外国情景，体验外国人的阅读感受)to kill two birds with one stone All roads lead to Rome像汉语里的“妯娌”和“连襟”，就难以直译成英语，只能意译成women who are married to brothers 以及men who are married to sisters。她们是妯娌。They are married to brothers 他们是连襟。They are married to sisters王军是我的连襟。Wang Jun is my brother-in-law. Wang Jun and I are married to sisters. 著名动画片《狮子王》（The Lion King）the lion‘s share（最大或最好的一份） beard the lion in his den（入狮穴捋狮须；太岁头上动土）a lion in the way（拦路虎）the lion‘s mouth