生产运作管理chap09.pptVIP

* * * 4 4 5 5 6 6 7 7 8 8 * * * * 11 11 * 13 13 14 14 15 15 15 15 19 19 * 18 18 20 20 21 21 * 22 22 23 23 * * * * * * * Master Production Schedule (MPS) A customer order in a job shop (make-to-order) company Modules in a repetitive (assemble-to-order or forecast) company An end item in a continuous (stock-to-forecast) company Can be expressed in any of the following terms: Focus for Different Process Strategies Stock to Forecast (Product Focus) Schedule finished product Assemble to Order or Forecast (Repetitive) Schedule modules Make to Order (Process Focus) Schedule orders Examples: Print shop Motorcycles Steel, Beer, Bread Machine shop Autos, TVs Lightbulbs Fine-dining restaurant Fast-food restaurant Paper Typical focus of the master production schedule Number of end items Number of inputs Figure 14.3 Material Requirements Planning System Based on a master production schedule, a material requirements planning system: Creates schedules identifying the specific parts and materials required to produce end items. Determines exact unit numbers needed. Determines the dates when orders for those materials should be released, based on lead times. The Planning Process Figure 14.1 Change production plan? Master production schedule Bill of Materials (BOM) FileA Complete Product Description Bill f material file contains the complete product description, listing not only the materials, parts, and components but also the sequence in which the product is created. Also called the product structure file or product tree Modular BOM Subassemblies Planning BOM Fractional options Product L Hierarchy in (a) Expanded to the lowest level of Each Item in (b) Inventory Records File Each inventory item carried as a separate file Status according to “time buckets”. Pegging Identify each parent item that created demand. Primary MRP Reports Planned orders to be released at a future time. Order release notices to execute the planned orders. Changes in due dates of open orders due