沥青路面病害调查及图像检测.docVIP

摘 要 随着中国经济的不断发展，国力的日益富强，我国公路的事业也蒸蒸日上，其中高速公路的总里程数已经跃居世界第二。但是，伴随着公路事业的发展，道路病害这一世界性难题也不断凸显。路面病害的产生不仅仅大大缩短了公路的使用寿命，而且，随着病害的不断恶化，维护起来会更加的困难，维修的费用也会更加高昂。更严重的是，道路病害还有可能导致严重的交通事故，造成人身的伤亡。正因为如此，我们要给予病害研究足够的重视。 本文针对沥青路面病害的种类和成因分析，结合长安大学本部校园内沥青路面，在进行实地交通调查和病害拍照后，进一步分析病害与各种交通因素的关系。最后，采用无损检测的中的图像检测技术，基于matlab软件平台，对采集到的路面病害照片进行相关的分析。 关键词： 沥青路面病害，实地拍摄，图像检测 ABSTRACT With the development of the China, the industry of transportation in China is becoming more and more prosperous and its freeway mileage becomes the second longest in the world. However, along with the increase of the road mileage, the road surface distress, which is the worldwide problem, is worsening, too. The pavement surface distress will not only do great harm to the road’s application, but also increase the fees of maintaining. What is more, it can result in dangerous accident. Therefore, it is necessary to do some research on the problem, and this thesis will just do so. Besides introduce some basic knowledge of the asphalt road distress, the author will also apply this professional knowledge to the real asphalt road. Here the author will bringthe asphalt pavement in the main campus of Chang’an University. Based on these real pavements, I will do some research on the connections between the reasons and the Asphalt pavement surface distress. At last, the author will introduce the Nondestructive Testing (NDT), basically, and use digital image processing to deal with the road distress. KEY WORDS：Asphalt pavement surface distress, Field shooting , Digital Image Processing 目 录 第一章 绪论 1 1.2 我国沥青公路的发展状况 1 1.3 课题研究意义 2 1.4 检测方法简介 2 1.5小结 3 第二章 沥青路面概况 4 2.2沥青路面概念 4 2.3沥青路面优点 4 2.4 对沥青路面的要求 5 2.5 小结 5 第三章 沥青路面病害及检测技术 6 3.1沥青路面病害介绍 6 3.2 沥青路面病害产生原因 6 3.2.2病害产生的外因（施工后原因） 7 3.3常见病害的种类 8 3.3.1裂缝 8 3.3.2表面坑槽 9 3.3.3车辙 10 3.3.4表面磨光 10 3.4病害产生的不良后果 11 3.5路面检测技术总体介绍 11 3.5.1有损检测 11 3.5.2无损检测 11 3.5.3两种检测的对比 12 3.6无损检测的类型 12 3.6.1图像检测技术 12 3.6.2雷达检测技术 13 3.6.3激光检测技术 13 3.6.4路面检测车 13 第四章基于matlab的图像检测及病害处理 15 4.1matlab简介 15 4.2M