Brief_History_of_Common_Law精选.pptVIP

?Brief History of Common Law Common law Statute Law European Union Law Civil law Criminal law … The?common?law?is?historically?the?common?general?law?with?supremacy?over?local?law?——which?was?decreed?by?the?itinerant?judges?of?the?English?royal?court.?普通法在历史上是普通综合法，由英国皇家法院的巡回法官颁布的普通综合法地位高于地方法。 1）Roman rule and Anglo-Saxon（pre-Conquest） For a long time, one of the Celtic people inhabited the ancient Britain. Then, Roman army came and finally conquered England in A.D. 43. For the next three and half centuries Britain was under Roman rule. But Romans did little to spread their culture there. With the collapse of the great Roman Empire, its legions were withdrawn from Britain. Since the mid-5th century AD, then came the greatest series of Anglo-Saxon invasions. 2）Norman conquest（William the First） ? In January 1066, King Edward died. In October, William landed in England, The Norman conquest eventually resulted in the creation and development of the common law. The greatest result of the Norman Conquest was the introduction of precise and orderly methods into the government and law of England. In addition to the King’s Court, the kings began to appoint officials called justiciars.（首席政法官） The justifiers acted as a royal representative in the kings absence from England, The appointment of these royal delegates - the Curia Regis and the justiciars - marked an important step in the transformation of the common law from a personal instrument of the king to a real institution of government. 3) Henry Ⅰ (1100-1135) As the Household became more and more busy, the King’s Court began to sub-divide into more specialized bodies. There was a body of specialized financial advisers, who came to hear disputes involving the royal revenue. Because the table at which this body sat was covered with a chequer-patterned cloth, it came to be known as the Court of Exchequer. It is for this reason that the modern-day British Treasurer is known as the Chancellor of the Exch