对二甲苯的发展现状分析及其对环境的影响PPT.ppt

Analysis and influence of paraxylene on living environment;;About p-Xylene;Technology development and process improvement;Paraxylene is primarily used as a basic raw material in the manufacture of terephthalic acid (TPA), purified terephthalic acid (PTA) and dimethyl-terephthalate (DMT). TPA, PTA and DMT are used to manufacture polyethylene terephthalate (PET) saturated polyester polymers. Polyesters are used to produce fibers and films. PET bottles are widely used for water because of its non-breakage properties as well as carbonated beverages because of good carbon dioxide barrier properties. In addition, they are light-weight, shatter-resistant and possess high tensile strength. Polyester uses include ; Sources of pollution Pxylene is an important chemical raw materials. The waste water and gas in organic synthesis, synthetic rubber, paints and dyes, synthetic fibers, petroleum processing, pharmaceutical, cellulose production plant and workshop ventilation is the the main source of pxylene into enviroutment.Rollovers,leaks,fires during transportation, storage also cause accidental pollution incidents.;;Bioconcentration Potential: P-xylene is not expected to bioconcentrate or bioaccumulate. A bioconcentration factor of 138 to 158 is predicted using the estimated octanol-water partition coefficient (log Kow) of 3.12 to 3.2. A bioconcentration factor of 20 was reported for eels. Metabolism and excretion of xylenes has been demonstrated in several organisms, generally via production of toluic acid. Significant bioconcentrations is unlikely if bioconcentration factors are less than 1000 and the chemical is metabolized. Other Ecological Information: P-xylene is expected to volatilize from water and soil with a relatively high Henrys law constant of 0.32, yielding an estimated half-life in water of less than 1 week. Sorption to soil is low to moderate, with the Koc of ortho-xylene being 48-68. Abiotic degradation in air occurs through reaction with