浅谈so与such的用法.docVIP

浅谈so与such的用法 看句子：He made such rapid progress that before long he began to write articles min English for an American newspaper. In fact , his English in one of these articles was so good that English wrote him a letter and praised him for it. So与such是英语中两个常用词。这两个词的用法很多，且易混淆，初学英语者往往搞不清楚，因而使用是经常出错。文本就它的一些用法作一粗浅讨论。讨论主要以分析实例进行。 首先，我们应该弄清so是副词，修饰形容词和副词，在句中充当状语。Such为形容词修饰名词，在句中作定语，请看下面几个句子。 ①???? The fish is so long. ②???? Don’t drive so fast, it’s dangerous. ③???? Fred is so good a man. ④???? It was such interesting meeting. ⑤???? There were such a lot of people. 以上句子中，①、②句比较简单，so为副词，分别修饰形容词long和副词fast。③句中的so修饰good，可用形容词such改为： Fred is such a good man。 这句话和原句的意义不变，但用so要用so＋adj+a/an+n.的结构来表达。用such需用such+a/an+adj+n.的结构来表达。④句中仍可按③的形式表达,但也可写成: The meeting was so interesting. 其句意不变.⑤句中的such也可换为so,但更据习惯搭配,应将a lot of 变为many为宜,如其后所修析的名词为不可数名词,还需将a lot of改为much。如： With such a lot of time,they should have finished their homework 用so则为： With so much time, they so have finished their homework. 因此遇到这种情况，我们可将such+a lot of+n.结构变为so+many/much+n.结构 再看这样一个句子： The enemy scattered in such a hurry. 可改为：The enemy scattered so hurriedly.又如： The plane flies at such a speed. 则可写成：The plane flies so fast. 这样的句子为such+a/an+n结构，改为so+adv结构其义不变。 在so……that—clause中和such……that---clause中，我们也可参照以上的结构来进行转换。 下面我再就so和such的其它用法作一讨论。 先看so的一个用法：替代。 ? ①I enjoyed the music and so did my wife. ②If my brother is allowed to go out, so should I be.0 ③You are young, so am I ④ I love sport. So do you. A ⑤She will learn English, and so shall I, and so will her sister. ?A组五个句子，都表示前面的情况也适合后者的情况，但主语不指同一人。需用下面的结构表达： So+ be/have/do/助动词+主语 ①Tomorrow will be your birthday. You are right, so it will. ②It was cold yesterday. Yes, so it was. ③Father, you promised to buy it for me. ④I hoped to win and so I shall. ? B组so所引起的句子，实际上是对前面句意的重复，从语气上更加肯定前句的意思，肯定无疑，信十足。在这种句子中，主语所指相同，那么应用下面结构来表达： So+主语+be/have/do/助动词 A、B两组句子，我们不难看出，在这种结构中，so替代的不外乎三种情况：谓语、谓语的一部分或非谓语动词短语。 such作代词的一个用法。 ①???? Such