主谓一致【最新】精选.pptVIP

主谓一致 主谓一致是指谓语在人称和数上必须和主语的人称和数保持一致. 如: He is a student. We are students. 主谓一致的三大原则 一、语法一致原则 二、意义一致原则 三、就近原则 一、语法一致原则 主语为单数或不可数形式，则谓语动词也用单数形式； 主语为复数形式，则谓语动词也用复数形式。 I often help him and he often helps me. 二、意义一致 主语形式虽为单数，但意义为复数，则谓语动词用复数； The crowd were surrounding the building. 主语形式为复数，而意义为单数，则谓语动词用单数。 Politics is hard to learn. 三、就近原则 就近原则即谓语动词的单复数形式取决于最靠近它的主语。 There is a pen and two pencils on the desk. 1.并列结构作主语时谓语用复数 Reading and writing are very important. The writer and the teacher___ speaking at the meeting. The writer and teacher ___ speaking at the meeting. A knife and a fork ____put on the table. A knife and fork____ put on the table. A watch and chain带链的手表 A coat and tie配有领带的大衣 Bread and butter黄油面包 谓语用单数 Each boy and each girl ___ an apple. each …and each / every… and every / no …and no…谓语动词用单数 就近一致原则 Not only John but also I____ going to Shanghai next week. There be , not only…but also…, not …but…, either…or…, neither…nor or 就远原则 The teacher as well as the students ____ reading in the library. with, together with, along with, as well as, in addition to, including except, but, besides, rather than, 三.单一主语的主谓一致 1.形复意单的名词作主语 ①学科名称如maths, physics, economics, politics, news, mechanics(机械学) linguistics(语言学) 谓语动词用单数. The economics is interesting to learn. ②国名,组织机构,书名,等复数形式的专有名词谓语用单数如:the United Nations, the Times,(泰晤士报) the Netherlands(荷兰) The United Nations is an important organization. 2 形复意复trousers, glasses, shoes, shorts(短裤) scissors.(剪刀)scales(天平)谓语动词用复数,如果被a pair of所修饰就用单数. The shoes are dirty. The pair of shoes is dirty. 3.单复数同形, 谓语动词看意义,表单数的时候谓语动词用单数,表复数的时候谓语动词用复数. 如 That Chinese is my classmate. Those Chinese are my friends. 此类名词还有.sheep, deer, fish, means(方法),works(工厂),species(种类),Chinese, Japanese. This chemical works ____set up in 1983. These chemical works___ set up in 1983. Every means ___been tried. All means ___been tried. 集合名词作主语 集合名词有以下:family, class, army, audience, crowd, government, group, population, team, enemy, 此类名