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Herman Melville(1819-1891) With contemporaries Nathaniel Hawthorne, Walt Whitman, and the New England Transcendentalists, Melville is numbered among the most important and widely read American writers of the nineteenth century. a novelist and essayist, known for his masterpiece, Moby-Dick. 1. Three important things in his life  1) Going out to sea His experiences and adventures on the sea furnished him with abundant material for his fiction writings, especially his masterpiece Moby Dick In 1841, Melville went to the South Seas on a whaling ship, where he gained the first-hand informat