人教版九年级英语全一册Unit_01样品课件_2SectionA-2章节.pptVIP

by是英语中比较活跃的一个词。by既可作介词也可用作副词。它词义多，用法广泛。 One may miss the mark by aiming too high as too low. —Thomas Fuller 一个目标过高和过低都会偏离靶心。 ?一、by+地点名词。 表方位，意为：“在…旁边”。 by?the?lake/river/tree/window/door等。 有时可表:“从…旁经过”,多与动词go / walk / pass等连用 二、by+时间名词。 意为：“到…时（已发生某事），此时谓语多用完成时；最晚、不迟于…，在…之前”。 By?the?end?of?last?year, another?new? gymnasium?had?been?completed. 三、by+名词。 1）可用来表方法、方式、手段 Cleaning?women?in?big?cities?usually?get?paid? by?the?hour. 城市里的女清洁工通常按小时获得报酬。 2） by+交通工具、交通方式名词 by?train /taxi/bus/truck/bike/boat/plane; by?land/road/sea/water/air 3）by+抽象名词 I?made?a?coat?with?my?own?hands. It?was?made?by?hand, not?by?machine.? 我用双手织了一件外套。它是用手工织的，而不是机器织的。 4） by+数量词 With?production?up?by?60, the?company?has? had?another?excellent?year. 产量上升了百分之六十，这家公司今年的业绩极好。 5）by+身体部位名词或衣服名词。 表示被抓住身体/衣物的某一部分，常与动词catch / seize / take / hold / grab等连用 The?soldier?grabbed?the?child?by?the?collar. 那个士兵揪住了孩子的衣领。 四、 by+动词 v-ing 意为：“通过…，靠…，凭…”。 He?gained?his?wealth?by?printing?works?of? famous?writers 他通过印刷著名作家的作品而获得了巨大的财富。 He earned his living by fishing. 父母可以通过多跟孩子沟通来更了解他们的孩子。 五、 by的常见短语： by?means?of / by?way?of / by?the?way/ one?by?one / step?by?step / side?by?side/ shoulder?by?shoulder/ by?oneself /?learn/bear…by?heart / what?do?you?mean?by?…？ LOGO Unit 1 How can we become good learners? listen listening ear What is the relationship between body parts and language learning? say talk speak read ask answer repeat mouth vocabulary speaking pronunciation look see watch check reading eye vocabulary translate match write copy number grammar writing hand She learns English by working with friends. She learns English by making flashcards. He learns English by reading the textbook. He learns English by making vocabulary lists. He learns English by listening to tapes. He learns English by asking the teacher for help. He learns English by watching TV. She learns English by practicing with foreigners. How do you learn English? I learn by studying with a gr