英语语法知识----词汇---动词2PPT.pptVIP

动词（II） 动词的四个基本形式： 构成规则 现在式 过去式 过去分词 现在分词 一般动词过去式 和过去分加-ed 现在分词加-ing look play looked played looked played looking playing 结尾是e的动词过去式和过去分词加d；现在分词去e，再加-ing live hope lived hoped lived hoped living hoping 末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词，先双写这个字母再加-ed或-ing stop plan stopped planned stopped planned stopping planning 结尾是辅音字母+y的动词，过去式和过去分词先变y为i，再加-ed study try studied tried studied tried studying trying 2. 动词的时态: 1) 一般现在时：用来表示经常性的或习惯性的动作 还用来指永不变的真理或表示一种能力 现在时中常出现频率副词或every等字 E.g. His sister goes to school every morning. He said the sun rises in the east and sets in the west. Where does he go every evening? He knows how to play the piano.(表示一种能力） 2)一般现在进行时：表示正在发生的动作 am, is, are + V-ing (主动语态) （ 助动词） (通常有now，at this moment等时间状语出现） e.g. What are they doing now? They are watching TV. We are not making a cake. Note：1.不用进行时态的动词 感官动词：hear see smell notice fell taste等 情感状态动词：love hate like wish mind fear等 心理活动动词：know realize understand believe等 Note: 2. 在现代英语中通常用一般现在进行时来表示 即将发生的动作 e.g. I am leaving . He is arriving tomorrow morning on the 10:30 train. 3） 一般过去时：表示发生过的动作 be---was were ； V-ed (主动语态) 通常出现的时间状语：yesterday, ago, last， in 19..， the other day (morning, week)（不久前的一天…） 等 E.g. He lost his keys yesterday. I saw him in town the other day. Note: 3. used to +do----用于表示过去经常（干）… e.g. They used to go to work by bus. 4) 过去进行时：表示过去的某一特定时间正在发生的动作 was, were + doing (主动语态,常用于复合句中） （ 助动词） e.g. He was watching TV when I entered. I was reading while he was watering in the garden. What were you doing at seven this morning? 5) 一般将来时：用来表示将要发生的动作 助动词 will + V. (主动语态) 常见的时间的时间状语：tomorrow, next.., in the future soon, in+时间 E.g.: It will be Sunday. He will be back in three minutes. Note: 1. be going to +do--