英语语法：替代PPT.ppt

替 代;导 语;1. 名词性替代;1. Ａ 替代词one/ ones的用法;2）替代词one/ ones和它们所替代的名词词组中心词的“数”可以不一致。例如： I prefer the big bottle to the small ones. Compare the new edition with the old ones. 3）替代词one/ ones和它们所替代的名词词组中心词在句法功能上也可能不一致。例如： Do you see those gentlemen over there? The one with grey hair is my father. A: If only I could remember where it was that I saw someone putting away the box with those candles in, I could finish the decorations now. B: You mean the little colored ones. 在上述第一例中，被替代的gentlemen在句中作宾语，而替代词one在句中作主语。在第二例中，被替代在句中作介词宾语，而替代词ones则是动词宾语。; I prefer an old coat to a new one. The new building was a four-story one. 当替代词one/ ones带有后置修饰语时，它们前面总有定冠词，这种后置修饰语可以是形容词词???或者非限定分句。例如： Compare this picture with the one painted by your brother. 也可以是副词、介词词组或关系分句。例如： This room and the one upstairs are well furnished. I’ll read this book as soon as I finish the one I’m reading.; 带后置修饰语的替代词one/ ones也常见于比较分句中。例如： Our new cassette is more expensive than the one we had before. I like this picture better than the one you showed me yesterday. 替代词one/ ones在形容词比较级、最高级以及某些限定词如this, which，序数词等之后可以省略。例如： I want the fifth volume, not the fourth (one). If I miss the 9:15 train, I’ll catch the next (one). The second chapter is much longer than the first (one).; 替代词one/ ones通常不用在名词属格之后，也不用在形容词性物主代词+ own之后。例如可以说： This is my house and that’s Peter’s. 不可以说： *This is my house and that’s Peter’s one. 可以说： I don’t like to live long in a foreign country; I want to go back to my own 不可以说： *I don’t like to live long in a foreign country; I want to go back to my own one.; (5)替代词如果不带任何前置修饰语，即它的前面既没有限定词也没有形容词时，便不是替代名词中心词而是替代整个名词词组。例如： The question is one (= a question) of a great importance. If you want a friend, you’ll find one (= a friend) in me. 由上述诸例可以看护粗，替代词one的这种用法是泛指同类事物中的任何一个，相当于不定冠词，因此它没有复数形式。要泛指复数的事物，只能用some。试比较： Here are a few apples. Would you like one (= an apple)? Here are a few apples. Would you like some (= some of t