动量守恒Conservation of Mementum.pdfVIP

10 Conservation of Momentum 10-1 Newtons Third Law On the basis of Newtons second law of motion, which gives the relation 10-1 Newtons Third Law between the acceleration of any body and the force acting on it, any problem in 10-2 Conservation of momentum mechanics can be solved in pnnciple. For example, to determine the motion of a few particles, one can use the numerical method developed in the preceding chapter. 10-3 Momentum is conserved! But there are good reasons to make a further study of Newtons laws. First, there 10--4 Momentum and energy are quite simple cases of motion which can be analyzed not only by numerical methods, but also by direct mathematical analysis. For example, although we 10-5 Relativistic momentum 2 know that the acceleration of a falling body is 32 ft/sec , and from this fact could calculate the motion by numerical methods, it is much easier and more satisfactory 2 to analyze the motion and find the general solution, s = s0 + v0 t + 16t • In the same way, although we can work out the positions of a harmonic oscillator by numerical methods, it is also possible to show analytically that the general solution is a simple cosine function oft, and so it is unnecessary to go to all that arithmetical trouble when there is a simple and more accurate way to get the result. In the same manner, although the motion of one body around the sun, determined by gravitation, can be calculated point by point by the numerical methods of Chapter 9, which show the general shape of the orbit, it is nice also to get the