油茶施肥研究进展_许鹏波.pdf

中国农学通报 2011,27(8): 1-6 Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin 油茶施肥研究进展 许鹏波，薛 立 （华南农业大学林学院，广州510642） 摘 要：科学施肥是实现油茶优质高产的一个重要措施。施肥可以提高油茶的净光合速率、水分利用率、 气孔导度，从而明显促进油茶生长，提高产量。配方施肥对油茶幼树的营养生长有显著的促进作用。施 用N 和P 肥可以提高叶片P 浓度、N 矿质化速率、森林地表的养分供应和微生物活性，从而促进树木生 长；油茶肥料主要有基肥和追肥，主要通过沟施和叶面喷施施用，春季和初夏为有效的施肥季节。油茶 施肥今后的研究方向包括使肥料效应函数法变的简单实用，将以3S技术为支撑的林木营养管理信息系 统应用于油茶施肥，研究和生产油茶的专用肥和缓控释肥。 关键词：油茶；施肥；展望 中图分类号：S723.7 文献标志码：A 论文编号：2010-2696 ResearchesonFertilizationofCamelliaOleifera Xu Pengbo, Xue Li (CollegeofForestry,SouthChinaAgriculturalUniversity, Guangzhou 510642) Abstract: Reasonable fertilization is an important measure for high yield of Camellia oleifera with good quality. Fertilization can enhance photosynthesis rate, water using efficiency and stomatal conductance, so that growth and yield of C. oleifera are promoted. Prescription fertilization significantly improves vegetative growth of young C. oleifera trees. Tree growth, foliar P concentrations, N mineralization rate, nutrient supply and microbial activity may be improved after addition of N + P fertilizer. Fertilizer species of C. oleifera include base fertilizer and top dressing, which are fertilized by furrow application and leaf spraying, and spring and early summer are effect fertilization seasons. Future research of C. oleifera fertilization will focus on developing a simple and practical fertilizer response function, applying management information system supported with 3S technology on C. oleifera fertilization, research and production of C. oleifera -specific fertilizer and slow/ controlled released fer