迈克尔逊干涉仪的成像规律及误差分析 论文.docVIP

迈克尔逊干涉仪的成像规律及误差分析 系　　别： 物理系 专　　业： 物理学 班　　级： 学生姓名： 学号 指导教师姓名： 职称： 最后完成时间： 年 月 日 迈克尔逊干涉仪的成像规律及误差分析 摘要：迈克尔逊干涉仪是一个经典迈克尔逊和莫雷设计制造出来的精密光学仪器，在近代物理和近代计量技术中都有着重要的应用。通过迈克尔逊干涉的实验，我们可以熟悉迈克尔逊干涉仪的结构并掌握其调整方法，认识电光源非定域干涉条纹的形成与特点，部分从并利用干涉条纹的变化测定光源的波长。 引言：迈克尔逊干涉仪是1880年美籍德国物理学家迈克尔逊和莫雷合作，为研究“以太”漂移实验而设计、制作的精密光学仪器，是许多近代干涉仪的原型。实验结果动摇了占统治地位的“以太假说”，促进了爱因斯坦相对论的建立，成为近现代干涉仪的基础。它利用分振幅法产生双光束以实现光的干涉，可以用它来观察光的等倾、等厚和多光束干涉现象，测定单色光的波长和光源的相干长度等。在近代物理和计量技术中有广泛的应用。 关键字：迈克尔逊干涉仪、等倾、等厚 Michelson interferometer imaging rule and error analysis Abstract: Michelson interferometer is a classic Michelson and morey design out of manufacture precision optical instruments, in the modern physics and modern measuring technology all have the important applications. Through the experiment, Michelson interference can be familiar with Michelson interferometer we the structure and grasp its adjustment method, know electric light source the formation of interference streak set domain with characteristics, and use the interference fringes partly from the wavelength of the light source of change determination. Preface: Michelson interferometer is in 1880 American German physicist Michelson and morey cooperation, as the research etheric drift experiment and design, manufacture of precision optical instruments, is many modern interferometer prototype. Experimental results shook the dominant etheric hypothesis, promoted the Albert Einsteins theory of relativity, become established the basis of modern interferometer. It produced using points amplitude method to realize double beam interference of light, can use it to observe the sloping, such as light beam thick and interference phenomenon, determination of the wavelength and illuminant monochromatic coherence length etc. In the modern physics and measurement technology is widely used. Key word: Michelson interferometer, etc, and thick pour 一实 验 目 的 1.1了解迈克尔逊干涉仪的干涉原理和迈克尔逊干涉仪的结构，其调节方法调节非定域干涉、等倾干涉、等厚干涉条纹，了解非定域干涉、等倾干涉、等厚干涉的形成条件及条纹特点 1.3观察干涉条纹