中小学数学教学中的几个重要转折.doc

目录 中文摘要...............................................................................................................................................................2 Abstract..................................................................................................................................................................3 一、从算术到代数 4 1、揭示知识内在联系，注意新旧知识的衔接 5 1.1 引入字母，实现由数到式的飞跃 5 1.2 理解字母表示数 5 1.3 认识式与方程 6 2、探讨改进教学方法，注意教学方法上的衔接 8 二、从“感悟”算理到“生成”算法 9 1、感悟算理，“算理”是学生走向“算法”的桥梁 9 2、自主探究，找准“算理”与“算法”的连接点 9 3、新旧碰撞，让课堂现场“生成”算法 10 4、从应试训练向解决问题训练的升华 11 4.1 繁复训练变精简训练 11 4.2 强化训练变解决问题训练 11 4.3 封闭式训练变开放式训练 12 三、从直观看图到探究证明 13 1、 帮助学生形成数学证明的意识 13 2、 帮助学生理解证明的必要性和意义 14 3、帮助学生深入理解数学证明中的内涵实质 15 四、从平面几何到立体几何 16 1、注重激发兴趣，渗透情感教育 16 2、注重概念的导入教学，促进空间思维的建立 17 3、注重概念的表述教学，促进对概念的应用与理解 17 参考文献..............................................................................................................................................................19 中文摘要 在中小学数学教学和学习当中有几个重要的转折：从算术向代数过渡的阶段是学生数学学习中非常重要的转变阶段学生需要实现从对数的思考向对符号思考的转变”到“生成算法”的跨越，再通过精简、有重点、开放式地训练，全面提高学生的综合素质和能力；从直观地看图转折到要探究证明，学生思维停留在形象思维或者是较低级的经验型抽象思维阶段理论型抽象思维本文结合教学实践论述了中小学数学衔接教学应该注意的几个问题  关键词：中小学数学算理教学There are several important turning point in mathematics teaching and learning in schools. Firstly, the transition from arithmetic to algebra in mathematics learning stage is very important in the transition phase, students need to think from a logarithmic change in the thinking of the symbols; Secondly, Guiding students to count from a perception across the grounds to the generation algorithm, open by streamlining and focused in training and to solve their problems; Thirdly, from the intuitive to prove,students thinking activity is growing up,and debating thoughtly; fouthly, Three-dimensional geometry is an extension of plane geometry in space，teachers should strengthen the teaching the language of the concept in theorem. Keywords: School Mathematics, Algebra, Perception management operator, Mathematics proof，Turning p