Chapter 4. Computer files 计算机系统概论（双语课件）专业英语课件.pptVIP

Chapter 4. Computer files (Page no 158) Before we start this chapter we must know some basic term about data ,information and files. In general Any known fact is called data (数据） Processed data is called information(信息） For example Jonna (it is a student name)—Data(数据） Jonna is a very clever girl --Information （信息） In general file is collection of records Record is collection Fields Field is a collection characters Characters is A—Z,a—z, 0-9, and some special symbols like @,#,,* and so on. Data Information Data(数据） is the words, numbers, and graphic that describe people, events,things, and ideas. Information(信息）is defined as the words ,numbers and graphics used as the basis for human actions and decisions . Computer files(计算机文件） Computer file is a named collection data that exists on a storage medium such as a hard disk, a floppy disk or a CD. For example if you use a computer to write a letter to your father , the words contained in the letter are stored on a disk as a file. File Name A File name (文件名） is a unique set of letters and numbers that identifies a file and usually describes the file contents File name Extensions(文件扩展名）  A filename extensions describes the file contents. For example in Pbrush.exe, Pbrush is a filename and exe is the filename extension File Naming Conventions（文件命名） We have to follow some rules while giving names to the files. Example: Some Symbols like ? : | are not allowed sample question.txt test*.doc test1.doc Com1.xls Wildcards（通配符） The * Is called the wild card character and this is used to represent a group of characters in the filename or extension. Example: *.exe means all the files with exe extension. *.* means all files File Extensions and file types（文件扩展和文件类型） A file extension shows the category to which the file belongs. Example: Questions.doc , the extension shows that it a file Ms-Word format. Executable file（可执行文件） An executable file contains the program instructions that tell a co