Chapter 9 Management Information Systems 工业工程专业英语 教学课件.ppt

Chapter 9 Management Information Systems Managers have always used information to perform their tasks, so the subject of management information is nothing new. What is new is the ease with which accurate and current information can be obtained and communicated. The innovation that makes this capability possible is computers. The first application of computers as an information system was called the Management Information System (MIS). Management information systems can be defined as a combination of computers and people that are used to provide information to aid making decisions and managing a firm. The management information system (MIS) is one of the major computer-based information systems. Its purpose is to meet the general information needs of all the managers in the firm or in some organizational subdivision of the firm. The MIS provides information to users in the form of reports and outputs from simulations by mathematical models. The report and model output can be provided in a tabular or graphic form. Essential Components of MIS Namely, there are three essential components for the MIS. They are management, information and systems. The intended result is the use of an organizations resources in a way that accomplishes its mission and objectives. Note that the four functions recur throughout the organization and are highly integrated. Organizing is divided into organizing and staffing so that the importance of staffing in small businesses receives emphasis alongside organizing. In the management literature, directing and leading are used interchangeably. [40] Planning is the ongoing process of developing the business’ mission and objectives and of determining how they will be accomplished. Planning also includes the broadest view of the organization, e.g., its mission, and the narrowest, e.g., a tactic for accomplishing a specific goal. Organizing is to establish the internal organizational structure of an organization. It’s focus on division, coordin