第一章海洋药物化学概论1.pptVIP

第一章 概论;Lead Compound 通过优化目标活性作用、减少毒性和副作用可以使其转变为一种新药的化合物。 ①应用药物化学提高先导物对靶子的专一性；②优化化合物的药物动力性能和生物可利用率；③在动物身上进行化合物的临床前的试验。;天然药物化学 The Medicinal Chemistry of Natural Products 利用现代理论与方法研究天然药物中化学成分的一门学 科。 其研究内容包括各类天然药物中的化学成分（主要是生理活性成分或药效成分）的结构特点、理化性质、提取分离方法、以及主要类型化学成分的结构鉴定等。 此外还涉及主要类型化合物成分的生物合成途径等内容。天然药物来自植物、动物、矿物和微生 物，并以植物来源为主。;软件 结构软件Chemdraw 解析软件MestRe Nova, Nuts2000, Mestrec;国外 Marinlit (海洋天然产物文献数据库) 【URL】 http://www.chem.canterbury.ac.nz/research/marinlit.htm 【数据库研制者】 Department of Chemistry, University of Canterbury ;【数据内容】 Marinlit is a database of the marine natural products literature. In addition to the usual bibliographic data, the database contains an extensive collection of keywords, trivial names, compound information including structures, formulae, molecular mass, numbers of various functional groups, and UV data. All of these items can be searched for either individually or in various logical combinations. Taxonomic data are also included, permitting the exploration of relationships at various levels such as genus, family or order. Bibliographic data can be exported in a format suitable for entry into EndNote. Marinlit also has all of the structures available in ChemFinder files. By using your own copy of CS ChemOffice, these files can be searched, from within Marinlit, for substructures. An optional version of Marinlit contains calculated 13C and 1H NMR chemical shift data for all compounds in Marinlit. The 13C data can be searched for patterns of shifts from within Marinlit. The ability to search on the 1H data will be provided later in the year. These data have been generated through collaboration with ACD/Labs. The number of references from 947 journals/books is 14,800 with data for 14,500 compounds. These compounds have been derived from 3,018 species from 1,822 genera from 22 phyla. Annual updates to the Marinlit files are available for a small charge. ;　I期临床试验：初步的临床药理学及人体安全性评价试验。观察人体对于新药的耐受程度和药代动力学，为制定给药方案提供依据。　 　II期临床试