呼吸科呼吸系统4PPT.ppt

5.4 Control of Respiration ;Basic Requirements for Respiratory Regulation;Respiratory Centers and the Basic Respiratory Center;The Experiment Done by Lumsden in the Cat;*;Neural Mechanisms underlying the Generation of Rhythmic Respiration;Oscillatory Theory;Neurons in pre-B?tzinger can Burst spontaneously ;Neurons in pre-B?tzinger can Burst spontaneously ;*; Voluntary control of respiration is needed in suckling, swallowing, sniffing, chewing, coughing, vomiting and vocalization. Voluntary control over pulmonary ventilation originates in the motor cortex of cerebral frontal lobe. The impulses are transmitted down the corticospinal tracts to the respiratory neurons in the spinal cord, bypassing the brainstem respiratory centers. ;CHEMICAL CONTROL OF RESPIRATION;Respiratory Activity is Sensitive to Oxygen, Carbon Dioxide, and Hydrogen Ions in the Blood ;Peripheral Chemosensory Receptor System;Peripheral Chemoreceptors should be Distinguished from Baroreceptors;Functions of Peripheral Chemoreceptors;Central Chemoreceptor System;*;Arterial PCO2 is the most Important Factor in Regulation of Respiration;Mechanisms Underlying Hyperventilation following PaCO2 Increase;The Effects of Lower PaO2 on Respiration;The Effects of Hydrogen Ions on Respiration;How Does Increased Arterial H+ Act on the Central Chemoreceptors;Significances of Hydrogen Ions on Respiration;Ondine’s Curse;Central Alveolar Hypoventilation (Ondine’s Curse);EXERCISE AND VENTILATION ;Exercise Is Associated with Hyperventilation;Acute Respiratory Response to Graded Dynamic Exercise ;MECHANICAL REFLEXES;Receptors Are Localized in Lung Tissue and Airways;Pulmonary Stretch Receptors;Lung Stretch Reflexes;More about the Hering-Breuer Inspiratory-Inhibitory Reflex;Irritant Receptors;J Receptors