PLC电弧炉控制系统总体设计.doc

摘要 电弧炉炼钢是靠电极和炉料间放电产生的电弧，使电能在弧光中转变为热能，并借助辐射和电弧的直接作用加热并熔化金属和炉渣，是冶炼某些特殊金属及合金必须使用的炼钢方法。 论文以40吨电弧炉计算机控制系统为背景，在查阅了大量国内外相关文献的基础上，综述了电弧炉控制技术的发展历程、研究现状及今后的发展趋势。根据电弧炉熔炼工艺对控制系统的控制要求，给出了控制系统总体设计方案，对电弧炉计算机控制系统的硬件系统配置作了详细的说明。在电极调节器控制方案设计的基础上给出了实用的控制算法的实现方法，应用日本欧姆龙系列编程软件编写了整个控制系统控制软件，包括电极调节控制单元、液压站控制单元、真空开关合、分闸控制单元、变压器调压换档控制单元和其它逻辑控制单元。 关键词：电弧炉，电极调节，计算机控制，PLC ABSTRACT The steel-making of Electric Arc Furnace transfers the electricity to heat by the arc between electrode and charging. The Arc and its radiation melt the metals along with slag, it is the essential way to produce the special steel and alloy. The thesis is based on the 40-Ton electric arc furnace computer distributed control system of the Second Steel-making plant. The summaries of the historic, present state and perspective trend of control techniques of electric arc furnace are based on consulting a great deal of documentation. According to the control demands of the system, the system’s solving scheme is presented. The thesis thoroughly describes the hardware configuration of the computer distributed control system of electric arc furnace. Based on the design of the electrode’s position control algorithm, the realization method of control algorithm is proposed. The control software is designed with the Omron series programming language produced by Siemens Company, including electrode’s position control unit, hydraulics control unit, vacuum switch on/off control unit, changing the level of transformer control unit, oxygen gun movement control unit and other logical control units. Key words: Electric Arc Furnace, Electrode Regulator, Computer Control.，PLC 第一章 概述 5 1.1引言： 5 1.2 电弧炉系统 5 1.2.1 电弧炉炼钢发展概况 5 1.2.2 电弧炉炼钢的特点 6 1.2.3 电弧炉炼钢计算机控制发展概况 7 1.3 电弧炉炼钢设备概括 7 1.3.1 电弧炉炼钢的机械设备 8 1.3.2 电弧炉炼钢的电气设备 9 1.4 电弧炉炼钢过程及工艺简介 11 1.4.1 电弧炉炼钢过程 11 1.4.2 电弧炉炼钢工艺简述 12 1.4.3 电弧炉工艺对控制系统的要求 13 1.4.4 电弧炉炼钢工艺对电极调节器的要求 13 1.5 本论文所做的工作 14 第二章 电弧炉控制系统 15 2.1 电极升降自动控制系统 15 2.2 液压、水冷、气动控制系统 16 2.2.1 液压控制系统 16 2.2.2 水冷控制系统 17 2.2.3 气动控制系统 18