等截面叶片钢板弹簧的应力强度分析.docVIP

等截面叶片钢板弹簧的应力强度分析 摘 要 钢板弹簧是汽车悬架中应用最广泛的一种弹性元件，主要用于载重汽车及大客车的前后悬架上。它的功用是缓冲与吸收车辆行驶中受到的冲击和振动，保证各种力的传递，直接影响到汽车行驶的平顺性及操纵稳定性。钢板弹簧在工作时，叶片之间存在摩擦力，而采用传统设计方法无法考虑片间摩擦力对钢板弹簧的影响，为了更加准确的分析钢板弹簧的受力情况，本文采用有限元方法对钢板弹簧的应力及垂直刚度进行了分析。 本文首先对等截面叶片的普通钢板弹簧采用传统设计方法——材料力学的共同曲率法确定其垂直刚度以及不同载荷下的最大应力值。 本文研究的重点是充分考虑钢板弹簧装配时及承载时各叶片之间的强烈的非线性摩擦，以北京吉普汽车有限公司的2020改进前钢板弹簧为例，用ANSYS有限元软件建立钢板弹簧模型，利用该软件提供的非线性接触分析功能，计算得到钢板弹簧自由状态的弧高和装配预应力，对该弹簧进行逐步加载，计算得到它的刚度曲线以及在各载荷下的应力情况。 最后，与传统计算方法得到的结果比较，得到有限元法分析的一些优点。 关键词： 钢板弹簧，有限元法，接触  Research on Spring Rate and the Stress of Multi-Leaf Spring Author: Li Minlan Tutor: Shan Yingchun Abstract Leaf spring is one of the most popular flexible parts in automobile suspension system, as used in front and rear suspension of trucks or buses. It serves to absorb and store the energy and vibration in driving and then release it. When working, there is friction between leaves. However, the effect upon the spring can’t be considered in the tradition method. And the finite element method is taken to analyze the stress of the spring and the spring rate for more exact results. First of all, the stress of the multi-spring is examined, and the spring rate is analyzed by the traditional method, which used the model of curved beam. Then, using the finite element method, intensive nonlinear friction between the leaves is taken full account of after the leaf spring was assembled and loaded consequently, which is the pivot of this paper. At the same time, the geometry model is got from the initial designing of the advantaged front leaf spring of Beijing Jeep 2020, and the finite element software ANSYS is used during analysis process, which is allowed to gain the stress nephogram along spring leaves. Finally, compared the results of the traditional method with the finite element method; a few advantages of the latter one would be concluded. Key Words: Leaf Spring, Finite Element Method, Contact 目 录 1 绪论 1 1.1 研究背景及意义 1 1.2 研究现状 2 1.3 本文研究内容 3 2 钢板弹簧的传统计算方法 3 2.1 弹簧刚度计算 5 2.2 弹簧应力计算 7