- 1、本文档共16页,可阅读全部内容。
- 2、原创力文档(book118)网站文档一经付费(服务费),不意味着购买了该文档的版权,仅供个人/单位学习、研究之用,不得用于商业用途,未经授权,严禁复制、发行、汇编、翻译或者网络传播等,侵权必究。
- 3、本站所有内容均由合作方或网友上传,本站不对文档的完整性、权威性及其观点立场正确性做任何保证或承诺!文档内容仅供研究参考,付费前请自行鉴别。如您付费,意味着您自己接受本站规则且自行承担风险,本站不退款、不进行额外附加服务;查看《如何避免下载的几个坑》。如果您已付费下载过本站文档,您可以点击 这里二次下载。
- 4、如文档侵犯商业秘密、侵犯著作权、侵犯人身权等,请点击“版权申诉”(推荐),也可以打举报电话:400-050-0827(电话支持时间:9:00-18:30)。
查看更多
Basic Theory of Computer
A computer is a tool for manipulating and storing information. Generally speaking, a computer is an electronic device that can accept input, process it according to a set of instructions, store the instructions and the results of processing, and produce results as its outputs. A computer system consists of hardware system and software system. The hardware system is usually divided into three major parts or primary subsystems: the CPU, the memory subsystem, and the I\O subsystem. The CPU performs many operations and controls the computer. The memory subsystem is used to store program being executed by the CPU,along with the program’s data. The I\O subsystem allows the CPU to interact with input and output devices, such as the keyboard and the monitor of a personal computer. This chapter will introduce the basic components of computer system.
The basic components that make up a computer system include: the CPU, memory, I\O, and the bus that connects these components together.
John Von Neuman, a pioneer in computer design, gave the architecture of most computers in use today. A typical John Von Neuman system has three major parts: the central processing unit( or CPU ),memory, and input output (or I\O). How a system designs these parts impacts the system performance. In VNA machines, like the 80×86 family, the CPU is where all the actions take place. All computations occur inside the CPU. To the CPU, most I\O devices look like memory because the CPU can store data to an output device and read data form an input device. The major difference between memory and I\O device is that I\O device is generally associated the with the external devices in the outside world.
The system bus connects various components of a VNA machine. The 80×86 family has three major buses: the address bus, the data bus, and the control bus. A bus is a connection of wires on which electrical signals pass through components in the system. For example, the data bus may hav
文档评论(0)