妊娠糖尿病发病现状及危险因素分析12级张雪倩1253296.DOCVIP

妊娠糖尿病发病现状及危险因素分析 张雪倩 1253296 指导教师：张丽娟 【摘要】目的：调查上海地区妊娠期糖尿病 (GDM) 患病率及妊娠结局，研究与 GDM 发病相关的高危因素。方法: 选取2015年 1 月 ～2016 年 12 月就诊于上海市第一妇婴保健院的361例孕妇，将调查对象分为对照组和 GDM 组，对两组进行单因素、多因素 Logistic 回归分析。结果: 361例研究对象中，诊断GDM为50例 (GDM 组)，患病率为 13.9%，年龄、人工流产史、产次两组的比较差异具有统计学意义。结论: 高龄、人工流产史、初产妇是GDM发病的危险因素，应在妊娠早期对GDM高危因素进行筛查和识别，给予针对性的健康教育，从而预防GDM发生、改善GDM病人妊娠结局。 【关键词】 妊娠期糖尿病 危险因素 Logistic 回归分析 Analysis occurrence status quo of gestational diabetes mellitus and its risk factors 〔Abstract〕 Objective: To survey the prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and pregnancy outcome in Shanghai，study the high risk factors associated with GDM. Methods:361 pregnant women were collected in Shanghai First Maternal and Infant Hospital from January 2015 to December 2016，the pregnancy outcome was followed up. The pregnant women were divided into control group and GDM group, univariate logistic regression analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were conducted.Results:50 pregnant women were diagnosed with GDM in 361 study subjects，the prevalence of GDM was 13.90%，there was statistically significant difference in the age，the history of induced abortion and parity between the two group. Conclusion: The risk factors of GDM include gestational advanced age，the history of induced abortion and unipara.We should screen the GDM high risk factors in early pregnancy to give targeted health education to prevent GDM occurrence and improve pregnancy outcomes in GDM patients. 〔Key words〕 Gestational diabetes mellitus Risk factors Logistic regression analysis 妊娠期糖尿病(gestational diabetes mellitus，GDM)是妊娠期首次发生和出现的不同程度的糖耐量异常，不包括妊娠前已经存在的糖尿病。GDM是孕妇常见的妊娠并发症，不仅与母儿围产期的并发症密切相关，而且会对孕产妇及子代远期的健康产生不良影响，使之发生代谢性疾病的风险显著升高。随着生活方式的变迁，生育年龄的后移，GDM诊断标准的变更，糖尿病和肥胖全球范围内的流行，GDM的发病率在全球范围内迅速增长。而国内尚缺乏相关统计资料，因此对GDM 进行流行病学调查，了解 GDM 在我国的患病状况具有十分重要的意义。本研究对上海市第一妇幼保健院门诊产前检查孕妇进行临床资料的收集及回顾性研究，以调查GDM的发病情况，探索GDM病人的特点，分析影响GDM发生的高危因素，DM的预防、管理和早期提供依据。 1.1对象 选择2015年1月 ～2016